4 files changed, 65 insertions, 67 deletions

diff --git a/mwe/ecs-homemade/CMakeLists.txt b/mwe/ecs-homemade/CMakeLists.txt
index 2819727..6267c1a 100644
--- a/mwe/ecs-homemade/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/mwe/ecs-homemade/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.5)
 project(ecs-homemade)
 
 # Set the C++ standard (optional, but good practice)
-set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 14)
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)
 set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED True)
 
 # Use the debug mode (otherwise breakpoints are not compiled)
diff --git a/mwe/ecs-homemade/inc/ComponentManager.h b/mwe/ecs-homemade/inc/ComponentManager.h
index 5b0629f..763c28e 100644
--- a/mwe/ecs-homemade/inc/ComponentManager.h
+++ b/mwe/ecs-homemade/inc/ComponentManager.h
@@ -6,31 +6,38 @@
 #include <vector>
 #include <typeindex>
 #include <memory>
-#include <any>
+#include <utility>
 
 class ComponentManager {
 public:
-	static ComponentManager& GetInstance();
+	static ComponentManager& GetInstance();	//Singleton
 
-	ComponentManager(const ComponentManager&) = delete;
-    ComponentManager(ComponentManager&&) = delete;
-    ComponentManager& operator=(const ComponentManager&) = delete;
-    ComponentManager& operator=(ComponentManager&&) = delete;
+	ComponentManager(const ComponentManager&) = delete;	//Singleton
+    ComponentManager(ComponentManager&&) = delete;	//Singleton
+    ComponentManager& operator=(const ComponentManager&) = delete;	//Singleton
+    ComponentManager& operator=(ComponentManager&&) = delete;	//Singleton
 
 	template <typename T, typename... Args>
-	void AddComponent(std::uint32_t id, Args&&... args);
+	void AddComponent(std::uint32_t id, Args&&... args);	//Add a component
+	//TODO: void DeleteAllComponentsOfId(std::uint32_t id);	//Deletes all components of a specific id
+	//TODO: void DeleteAllComponents();	//Deletes all components
+
 	template <typename T>
-    std::vector<std::reference_wrapper<T>> GetComponentsOfID(std::uint32_t id);
-	/*template <typename T>
-	std::vector<std::uint32_t> GetAllComponentIDs();
+    std::vector<std::reference_wrapper<T>> GetComponentsByID(std::uint32_t id) const;	//Get a vector<> of all components at specific id
 	template <typename T>
-	std::vector<T*> GetAllComponentPointer();*/
+	std::vector<std::pair<std::reference_wrapper<T>, std::uint32_t>> GetComponentsByType() const;	//Get a vector<> of all components of a specific type
 
 private:
-    static ComponentManager mInstance;
+    static ComponentManager mInstance;	//Singleton
 
-    ComponentManager();
+    ComponentManager();	//Singleton
 
+	/*
+	 * The std::unordered_map<std::type_index, std::vector<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Component>>>> below might seem a bit strange, let me explain this structure:
+	 * The std::unordered_map<> has a key and value. The key is a std::type_index and the value is a std::vector. So, a new std::vector will be created for each new std::type_index.
+	 * The first std::vector<> stores another vector<>. This first vector<> is to bind the entity's id to a component.
+	 * The second std::vector<> stores unique_ptrs. Each component can be gathered via an unique_ptr. This second vector<> allows multiple components of the same std::type_index for one entity (id).
+	 */
 	std::unordered_map<std::type_index, std::vector<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Component>>>> mComponents;
 };
 
diff --git a/mwe/ecs-homemade/inc/ComponentManager.hpp b/mwe/ecs-homemade/inc/ComponentManager.hpp
index a7fc30f..03135a8 100644
--- a/mwe/ecs-homemade/inc/ComponentManager.hpp
+++ b/mwe/ecs-homemade/inc/ComponentManager.hpp
@@ -4,68 +4,63 @@ void ComponentManager::AddComponent(std::uint32_t id, Args&&... args) {
     std::type_index type = typeid(T);	//Determine the type of T (this is used as the key of the unordered_map<>)
 
     if (mComponents.find(type) == mComponents.end()) {	//Check if this component type is already in the unordered_map<>
-        mComponents[type] = std::vector<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Component>>>();	//If not, create a new (empty) vector<> of unique_ptr<Component>
+        mComponents[type] = std::vector<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Component>>>();	//If not, create a new (empty) vector<> of vector<unique_ptr<Component>>
     }
 
     if (id >= mComponents[type].size()) {	//Resize the vector<> if the id is greater than the current size
-        mComponents[type].resize(id + 1);	//Initialize new slots to nullptr (resize does this automatically)
+        mComponents[type].resize(id + 1);	//Initialize new slots to nullptr (resize does automatically init to nullptr)
     }
 
-    mComponents[type][id].push_back(std::make_unique<T>(std::forward<Args>(args)...));	//Create a new component of type T using perfect forwarding and store its unique_ptr in the correct vector
+    mComponents[type][id].push_back(std::make_unique<T>(std::forward<Args>(args)...));	//Create a new component of type T using perfect forwarding and store its unique_ptr in the vector<>
 }
 
 template <typename T>
-std::vector<std::reference_wrapper<T>> ComponentManager::GetComponentsOfID(std::uint32_t id) {
-    std::type_index type = typeid(T);
+std::vector<std::reference_wrapper<T>> ComponentManager::GetComponentsByID(std::uint32_t id) const {
+    std::type_index type = typeid(T);	//Determine the type of T (this is used as the key of the unordered_map<>)
+
+	std::vector<std::reference_wrapper<T>> componentVector;	//Create an empty vector<>
 
-	std::vector<std::reference_wrapper<T>> componentVector;
+    if (mComponents.find(type) != mComponents.end()) {	//Find the type (in the unordered_list<>)
 
-    if (mComponents.find(type) != mComponents.end()) {
+        const std::vector<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Component>>>& componentArray = mComponents.at(type);	//Get the correct vector<>
 
-        const auto& componentArray = mComponents[type];
+        if (id < componentArray.size()) {	//Make sure that the id (that we are looking for) is within the boundaries of the vector<>
+            for (const std::unique_ptr<Component>& componentPtr : componentArray[id]) {	//Loop trough the whole vector<>
+                T* castedComponent = static_cast<T*>(componentPtr.get());	//Cast the unique_ptr to a raw pointer
 
-        if (id < componentArray.size()) {
-            for (const auto& componentPtr : componentArray[id]) {
-                // Use static_cast instead of dynamic_cast
-                T* castedComponent = static_cast<T*>(componentPtr.get());
-                if (castedComponent) { // Ensure cast was successful
-                    componentVector.push_back(*castedComponent); // Add the raw pointer to the vector
+                if (castedComponent) {	//Ensure that the cast was successful
+                    componentVector.push_back(*castedComponent); //Add the dereferenced raw pointer to the vector<>
                 }
             }
         }
     }
 
-    return componentVector; // Return empty vector if not found
+    return componentVector; //Return the vector<>
 }
 
-/*// GetAllComponentIDs implementation
 template <typename T>
-std::vector<std::uint32_t> ComponentManager::GetAllComponentIDs() {
-    std::type_index type = typeid(T);
-    std::vector<std::uint32_t> ids;
-    if (mComponents.find(type) != mComponents.end()) {
-        const auto& componentArray = mComponents[type];
-        for (std::uint32_t id = 0; id < componentArray.size(); ++id) {
-            if (componentArray[id] != nullptr) {
-                ids.push_back(id); // Collect IDs of non-null components
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    return ids;
-}
+std::vector<std::pair<std::reference_wrapper<T>, std::uint32_t>> ComponentManager::GetComponentsByType() const {
+    std::type_index type = typeid(T);	//Determine the type of T (this is used as the key of the unordered_map<>)
 
-// GetAllComponentPointer implementation
-template <typename T>
-std::vector<T*> ComponentManager::GetAllComponentPointer() {
-    std::type_index type = typeid(T);
-    std::vector<T*> pointers;
-    if (mComponents.find(type) != mComponents.end()) {
-        const auto& componentArray = mComponents[type];
-        for (const auto& component : componentArray) {
-            if (component != nullptr) {
-                pointers.push_back(static_cast<T*>(component)); // Cast to the correct type
+    std::vector<std::pair<std::reference_wrapper<T>, std::uint32_t>> componentVector;	//Create an empty vector<>
+	std::uint32_t id = 0;	//Set the id to 0 (the id will also be stored in the returned vector<>)
+
+    if (mComponents.find(type) != mComponents.end()) {	//Find the type (in the unordered_list<>)
+
+        const std::vector<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Component>>>& componentArray = mComponents.at(type);	//Get the correct vector<>
+
+        for (const std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Component>>& component : componentArray) {	//Loop through the whole vector<>
+            for (const std::unique_ptr<Component>& componentPtr : component) {	//Loop trough the whole vector<>
+                T* castedComponent = static_cast<T*>(componentPtr.get());	//Cast the unique_ptr to a raw pointer
+
+                if (castedComponent) {	//Ensure that the cast was successful
+                    componentVector.push_back(std::make_pair(std::ref(*castedComponent), id));	//Pair the dereferenced raw pointer and the id and add it to the vector<>
+                }
             }
+
+			++id;	//Increase the id (the id will also be stored in the returned vector<>)
         }
     }
-    return pointers;
-}*/
+
+    return componentVector;
+}
diff --git a/mwe/ecs-homemade/src/main.cpp b/mwe/ecs-homemade/src/main.cpp
index 73f710b..f72a044 100644
--- a/mwe/ecs-homemade/src/main.cpp
+++ b/mwe/ecs-homemade/src/main.cpp
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ int main() {
 	//Rigidbody rigidbody0(1, 2, 3);
 	gameObect0.AddComponent<Sprite>();			//Add a sprite to entity0
 	gameObect0.AddComponent<Rigidbody>(1, 2, 3);	//Also add a rigidbody to entity0
+	gameObect0.AddComponent<Rigidbody>(3, 2, 1);	//Add a second rigidbody to entity0
 
 	//Rigidbody rigidbody1(4, 5, 6);
 	gameObect1.AddComponent<Rigidbody>(4, 5, 6);	//Only add a rigidbody to entity1
@@ -21,19 +22,14 @@ int main() {
 	//The entities are now initialized
 	//Now I will demonstrate some ways of retreiving/getting components
 
-	std::vector<std::reference_wrapper<Rigidbody>> rigidbodyOfEntity0 = ComponentManager::GetInstance().GetComponentsOfID<Rigidbody>(gameObect0.mId);			//Get the pointer to the Rigidbody component of entity 0
-	std::cout << "rigidbodyOfEntity0: " << rigidbodyOfEntity0[0].get().mMass << " " << rigidbodyOfEntity0[0].get().mGravityScale << " " << rigidbodyOfEntity0[0].get().mBodyType << std::endl;
-	std::cout << std::endl;
-
-	/*std::vector<std::uint32_t> rigidbodyIDs = ComponentManager::GetInstance().GetAllComponentIDs<Rigidbody>();			//Get all the IDs that have a Rigidbody component
-	for(std::uint32_t ID : rigidbodyIDs) {
-		std::cout << "Rigidbody ID: " << ID << std::endl;
+	std::vector<std::reference_wrapper<Rigidbody>> rigidbodyOfEntity0 = ComponentManager::GetInstance().GetComponentsByID<Rigidbody>(gameObect0.mId);			//Get the pointer to the Rigidbody component of entity 0
+	for(Rigidbody& rigidbodyEntity0 : rigidbodyOfEntity0) {
+		std::cout << "rigidbodyOfEntity0: " << rigidbodyEntity0.mMass << " " << rigidbodyEntity0.mGravityScale << " " << rigidbodyEntity0.mBodyType << std::endl;
+		std::cout << std::endl;
 	}
-	std::cout << std::endl;
 
-	std::vector<Rigidbody*> rigidbodyComponents = ComponentManager::GetInstance().GetAllComponentPointer<Rigidbody>();	//Get all the pointers to the Rigidbody component(s)
-	for(Rigidbody* rigidbody : rigidbodyComponents) {
-		std::cout << "rigidbody: " << rigidbody->mMass << " " << rigidbody->mGravityScale << " " << rigidbody->mBodyType << std::endl;
+	std::vector<std::pair<std::reference_wrapper<Rigidbody>, std::uint32_t>> rigidBodies = ComponentManager::GetInstance().GetComponentsByType<Rigidbody>();
+	for(auto& [rigidbody, id] : rigidBodies) {
+		std::cout << "Rigidbody of id: " << id << ": " << rigidbody.get().mMass << " " << rigidbody.get().mGravityScale << " " << rigidbody.get().mBodyType << std::endl;
 	}
-	std::cout << std::endl;*/
 }