git setup post

1 files changed, 161 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/posts/git.md b/posts/git.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7d3ddbe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/posts/git.md
@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+[meta]: <title> (My git setup)
+[meta]: <subtitle> (How I use git on my server)
+[meta]: <author> (Loek)
+[meta]: <date> (April 28 2021)
+[meta]: <tags> (git, server, software)
+[meta]: <cover> (/img/git.png)
+
+## Overview
+
+I have two mechanisms set up for accessing my git server. I use gitolite for
+ssh access and permission management. I also have cgit set up which generates
+html pages for viewing your repositories and also hosts your repositories over
+http, or https if you have it set up.
+
+## SSH Access with gitolite
+
+Gitolite was a pain in the ass to set up because I didn't understand umasks
+before I started trying to set it up. A *umask* is like the opposite of what
+you'd enter when running `chmod`. For example: if I run `touch test`, I will
+now have a file with the same permissions as `chmod 644`. That looks something
+like this:
+
+```sh
+$ touch test
+$ ls -l
+total bla bla
+-rw-r--r--  1 loek users 0 Apr 28 12:28 test
+$ chmod 644 test
+$ ls -l
+total bla bla
+-rw-r--r--  1 loek users 0 Apr 28 12:28 test
+$ # notice the same permissions on the 'test' file
+```
+
+If I want gitolite to create repositories with default permissions so other
+users can read the repositories, I have to set my umask to the opposite of 644.
+Here's a quick explanation of `ls -l`'s output:
+
+```sh
+-rw-r--r-- * user group size date time filename
+|└┬┘└┬┘└┬┘
+| |  |  └all users
+| |  └owner group
+| └owner user
+└type
+```
+
+Each digit in a `chmod` command sets the permission for the file owner, file
+group, then everyone. That looks something like this:
+
+```sh
+$ chmod 644 test
+
+decimal:  6   4   4
+binary:   110 100 100
+ls -l:  - rw- r-- r--
+```
+
+Then we take the opposite of this to get the umask:
+
+```sh
+$ chmod 755 directory -R
+
+ls -l:  d rwx r-x r-x
+binary:   000 010 010
+decimal:  0   2   2
+```
+
+And now my `.gitolite.rc`:
+
+```perl
+%RC = (
+    UMASK       => 0022,
+    ROLES => {
+        READERS => 1,
+        WRITERS => 1,
+    },
+    
+    ENABLE => [
+        'ssh-authkeys',
+        'git-config',
+        'daemon',
+        'gitweb',
+    ],
+);
+
+1;
+```
+
+## HTTP(S) Access with cgit
+
+Cgit is probably the easiest thing to set up. It has great built-in
+documentation (`man 5 cgitrc`). Pretty much all configuration is in
+`/etc/cgitrc` (css/syntax highlighting isn't in there). The only reason I'm
+posting my config here is because for some reason, the order of the options in
+cgit's config matters:
+
+```rc
+#
+# cgit config
+# see cgitrc(5) for details
+
+cache-size=0
+enable-commit-graph=1
+
+css=/cgit.css
+logo=/cgit.png
+
+virtual-root=/
+remove-suffix=1
+
+root-title=git :tada:
+
+##
+## List of common mimetypes
+##
+mimetype.gif=image/gif
+mimetype.html=text/html
+mimetype.jpg=image/jpeg
+mimetype.jpeg=image/jpeg
+mimetype.pdf=application/pdf
+mimetype.png=image/png
+mimetype.svg=image/svg+xml
+
+# Highlight source code with python pygments-based highlighter
+source-filter=/usr/lib/cgit/filters/syntax-highlighting.py
+
+# Format markdown, restructuredtext, manpages, text files, and html files
+# through the right converters
+about-filter=/usr/lib/cgit/filters/about-formatting.sh
+
+##
+## Search for these files in the root of the default branch of repositories
+## for coming up with the about page:
+##
+readme=:README.md
+readme=:readme.md
+readme=:README.rst
+readme=:readme.rst
+readme=:README.txt
+readme=:readme.txt
+readme=:README
+readme=:readme
+readme=:INSTALL.md
+readme=:install.md
+readme=:INSTALL.mkd
+readme=:install.mkd
+readme=:INSTALL.rst
+readme=:install.rst
+readme=:INSTALL.html
+readme=:install.html
+readme=:INSTALL.htm
+readme=:install.htm
+readme=:INSTALL.txt
+readme=:install.txt
+readme=:INSTALL
+readme=:install
+
+scan-path=/mnt/scf/git/repositories
+```
+