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vs","vs",0,"vocal solo"],["独吟","どくぎん","n vs","vs",0,"solo recitation of traditional poetry, noh verse, etc."],["独国","どくこく","n","",0,"Germany"],["独裁","どくさい","P ichi news n vs adj-no","vs",5,"dictatorship","despotism"],["独自","どくじ","P ichi news adj-na adj-no n","",5,"original","peculiar","unique","characteristic","proprietary","individual","independent","one's own"],["独酌","どくしゃく","n vs","vs",0,"drinking alone","solitary drinking"],["独習","どくしゅう","n vs adj-no","vs",0,"self-study","self-teaching"],["独唱","どくしょう","news spec n vs","vs",0,"vocal solo"],["独身","どくしん","P ichi news n adj-no","",5,"bachelorhood","single","unmarried","celibate"],["独身寮","どくしんりょう","n","",0,"hostel for bachelors"],["独占","どくせん","P ichi news n vs","vs",5,"monopoly","monopolization"],["独占","どくせん","P ichi news n vs","vs",5,"hogging","keeping to oneself"],["独占企業","どくせんきぎょう","n","",0,"monopoly business, enterprise"],["独占禁止法","どくせんきんしほう","n","",0,"antitrust law","Antitrust Act"],["独占欲","どくせんよく","n","",0,"desire to 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cell"],["独枕","ひとりまくら","n","",0,"lonely in bed"],["独立","どくりつ","P ichi news adj-na n vs","vs",5,"independence (e.g. Independence Day)","self-support"],["独立運動","どくりつうんどう","n","",0,"independence movement"],["独立運動","どくりつうんどう","n","",0,"mutually independent"],["独立記念日","どくりつきねんび","n","",0,"Independence Day"],["独立心","どくりつしん","n","",0,"independent spirit"],["独立性","どくりつせい","n","",0,"independence"],["独立宣言","どくりつせんげん","n","",0,"Declaration of Independence"],["独立独歩","どくりつどっぽ","n adj-no yoji","",0,"self-reliance","self-help"],["独立班","どくりつはん","n","",0,"detachment"],["独立変数","どくりつへんすう","n math","",0,"independent variable"],["読み","よみ","P ichi news n","",5,"reading"],["読みやすい","よみやすい","adj-i","adj-i",0,"easy to read","legible","clear"],["読み易い","よみやすい","adj-i","adj-i",0,"easy to read","legible","clear"],["読みやすさ","よみやすさ","n","",0,"ease of reading","legibility"],["読み下す","よみくだす","v5s vt","v5",0,"to transliterate classical Chinese into Japanese"],["読みすぎる","よみすぎる","v1","v1",0,"to read too much"],["読み過ぎる","よみすぎる","v1","v1",0,"to read too much"],["読み誤る","よみあやまる","v5r vt","v5",0,"to mispronounce"],["読み誤る","よみあやまる","v5r vt","v5",0,"to misread","to misinterpret","to read wrongly"],["読み誤まる","よみあやまる","v5r vt","v5",0,"to mispronounce"],["読み誤まる","よみあやまる","v5r vt","v5",0,"to misread","to misinterpret","to read wrongly"],["読み込む","よみこむ","v5m vt","v5",0,"to read thoroughly","to read repeatedly"],["読み込む","よみこむ","v5m vt","v5",0,"to express (e.g. emotion in poetry)"],["読み込む","よみこむ","v5m vt","v5",0,"to read (extra meaning) into (something)"],["読み込む","よみこむ","comp v5m vt","v5",0,"to fetch (e.g. CPU inst.)","to read (data into a system)","to load"],["読み取る","よみとる","news v5r vt","v5",0,"to read (someone's) mind","to read between the lines"],["読み取る","よみとる","news v5r vt","v5",0,"to read (a calibration, a tape, etc.)","to read (out)"],["読みとる","よみとる","v5r vt","v5",0,"to read (someone's) mind","to read between the lines"],["読みとる","よみとる","v5r vt","v5",0,"to read (a calibration, a tape, etc.)","to read (out)"],["読取る","よみとる","v5r vt","v5",0,"to read (someone's) mind","to read between the lines"],["読取る","よみとる","v5r vt","v5",0,"to read (a calibration, a tape, etc.)","to read (out)"],["読み手","よみて","news n","",0,"reader (person)"],["読み手","よみて","news n","",0,"person who reads the cards (in karuta games)"],["読み手","よみて","news n","",0,"composer (of a poem)"],["読手","よみて","n","",0,"reader (person)"],["読手","よみて","n","",0,"person who reads the cards (in karuta games)"],["読手","よみて","n","",0,"composer (of a poem)"],["読み出す","よみだす","v5s comp","v5",0,"to read out (e.g. data from a computer or process)","to retrieve"],["読み書き","よみかき","P ichi news n","",5,"reading and writing"],["読み上げる","よみあげる","P news v1 vt","v1",5,"to read out loud (and clearly)","to call a roll"],["読み切る","よみきる","news v5r vt","v5",0,"to finish reading","to read through"],["読み損なう","よみそこなう","v5u","v5",0,"to misread","to mispronounce"],["読みそこなう","よみそこなう","v5u","v5",0,"to misread","to mispronounce"],["読み損う","よみそこなう","io v5u","v5",0,"to misread","to mispronounce"],["読み直す","よみなおす","news v5s","v5",0,"to read (a book, etc.) over again"],["読みなおす","よみなおす","v5s","v5",0,"to read (a book, etc.) over again"],["読み聞かす","よみきかす","v5s","v5",0,"to read to (for) someone"],["読み返す","よみかえす","news spec v5s vt","v5",0,"to reread","to read again"],["読みかえす","よみかえす","v5s vt","v5",0,"to reread","to read again"],["読返す","よみかえす","v5s vt","v5",0,"to reread","to read again"],["読み方","よみかた","P ichi news n","",5,"way of reading","how to read"],["読み落とす","よみおとす","v5s","v5",0,"to overlook in reading"],["読み流す","よみながす","v5s vt","v5",0,"to read smoothly","to skim"],["読む","よむ","P ichi news v5m vt","v5",5,"to read"],["読む","よむ","P ichi news v5m vt","v5",5,"to count"],["読む","よむ","P ichi news v5m vt","v5",5,"to guess","to predict","to read (someone's thoughts)","to see (e.g. into someone's heart)","to divine"],["読解","どっかい","news n vs","vs",0,"reading comprehension"],["読響","よみきょう","n abbr","",0,"Yomiuri Symphony"],["読経","どきょう","news n vs","vs",0,"sutra chanting"],["読経","どっきょう","n vs","vs",0,"sutra chanting"],["読者","どくしゃ","P ichi news n","",5,"reader"],["読者層","どくしゃそう","n","",0,"readership","target audience (of a magazine)"],["読書","どくしょ","P ichi news n vs","vs",5,"reading"],["読書","とくしょ","n vs","vs",0,"reading"],["読唇術","どくしんじゅつ","n","",0,"lip reading"],["読心術","どくしんじゅつ","n","",0,"mind reading"],["読点","とうてん","n ling","",0,"comma"],["読破","どくは","news n vs","vs",0,"finish reading a book"],["栃木県","とちぎけん","n","",0,"Tochigi prefecture (Kanto area)"],["凸レンズ","とつレンズ","n","",0,"convex lens"],["凸円","とつえん","n","",0,"convexity"],["凸角","とっかく","n","",0,"convex angle"],["突角","とっかく","n","",0,"convex angle"],["凸鏡","とっきょう","n","",0,"convex mirror"],["凸状","とつじょう","n adj-no","",0,"protrusion"],["凸版","とっぱん","news spec n adj-no","",0,"letterpress","relief printing"],["凸版印刷","とっぱんいんさつ","news spec n adj-no","",0,"letterpress","relief printing"],["凸坊","でこぼう","n","",0,"beetle-browed boy","mischief"],["凸面","とつめん","n adj-no","",0,"convex surface","convex"],["凸面鏡","とつめんきょう","n","",0,"convex mirror"],["突き","つき","P news n","",5,"thrust","stab","lunge","pass (in fencing)"],["突き","つき","P news MA n","",5,"tsuki","thrust to the throat (in kendo)"],["突き","つき","P news sumo n","",5,"tsuki","thrust to the chest"],["突き掛かる","つきかかる","v5r vi","v5",0,"to thrust at (with a knife, sword, etc.)"],["突き掛る","つきかかる","v5r vi","v5",0,"to thrust at (with a knife, sword, etc.)"],["突掛かる","つきかかる","v5r vi","v5",0,"to thrust at (with a knife, sword, etc.)"],["突掛る","つきかかる","v5r vi","v5",0,"to thrust at (with a knife, sword, etc.)"],["突き詰める","つきつめる","news v1 vt","v1",0,"to investigate thoroughly","to probe into","to think something through","to follow an argument to its logical conclusion"],["突き合せる","つきあわせる","v1 vt","v1",0,"to place persons opposite","to come face to face with","to compare"],["突き合わせる","つきあわせる","news v1 vt","v1",0,"to place persons opposite","to come face to face with","to compare"],["突き殺す","つきころす","v5s vt","v5",0,"to stab to death"],["突き刺さる","つきささる","news v5r vi","v5",0,"to stick into","to pierce","to run into"],["突刺さる","つきささる","v5r vi","v5",0,"to stick into","to pierce","to run into"],["突きささる","つきささる","v5r vi","v5",0,"to stick into","to pierce","to run into"],["突き刺す","つきさす","P ichi news v5s vt","v5",5,"to stab","to pierce","to thrust"],["突きさす","つきさす","v5s vt","v5",0,"to stab","to pierce","to thrust"],["突刺す","つきさす","v5s vt","v5",0,"to stab","to pierce","to thrust"],["つき刺す","つきさす","v5s vt","v5",0,"to stab","to pierce","to thrust"],["突き指","つきゆび","n","",0,"jamming a finger (e.g. with a ball)"],["つき指","つきゆび","n","",0,"jamming a finger (e.g. with a ball)"],["突き止める","つきとめる","news v1 vt","v1",0,"to determine (esp. a culprit or underlying cause)","to pin down","to make sure","to locate","to identify","to find out","to ascertain"],["突止める","つきとめる","v1 vt","v1",0,"to determine (esp. a culprit or underlying cause)","to pin down","to make sure","to locate","to identify","to find out","to ascertain"],["突き留める","つきとめる","v1 vt","v1",0,"to determine (esp. a culprit or underlying cause)","to pin down","to make sure","to locate","to identify","to find out","to ascertain"],["突き出す","つきだす","news v5s vt","v5",0,"to push out","to project","to stick out"],["突き出す","つきだす","news v5s vt","v5",0,"to hand over (e.g. to the police)"],["突出す","つきだす","v5s vt","v5",0,"to push out","to project","to stick out"],["突出す","つきだす","v5s vt","v5",0,"to hand over (e.g. to the police)"],["突出す","つんだす","v5s vt","v5",0,"to push out","to project","to stick out"],["突出す","つんだす","v5s vt","v5",0,"to hand over (e.g. to the police)"],["つき出す","つきだす","v5s vt","v5",0,"to push out","to project","to stick out"],["つき出す","つきだす","v5s vt","v5",0,"to hand over (e.g. to the police)"],["突きだす","つきだす","v5s vt","v5",0,"to push out","to project","to stick out"],["突きだす","つきだす","v5s vt","v5",0,"to hand over (e.g. to the police)"],["つん出す","つんだす","v5s vt","v5",0,"to push out","to project","to stick out"],["つん出す","つんだす","v5s vt","v5",0,"to hand over (e.g. to the police)"],["突ん出す","つんだす","v5s vt","v5",0,"to push out","to project","to stick out"],["突ん出す","つんだす","v5s vt","v5",0,"to hand over (e.g. to the police)"],["突き出た","つきでた","adj-f","",0,"projecting","protruding"],["突き出る","つきでる","news v1 vi","v1",0,"to project","to stick out","to stand out"],["突出る","つきでる","v1 vi","v1",0,"to project","to stick out","to stand out"],["つき出る","つきでる","v1 vi","v1",0,"to project","to stick out","to stand out"],["突き退ける","つきのける","v1 vt","v1",0,"to thrust aside"],["突き除ける","つきのける","v1 vt","v1",0,"to thrust aside"],["突き上げる","つきあげる","P news v1 vt","v1",5,"to push up","to force up","to toss"],["突き上げる","つきあげる","P news v1 vt","v1",5,"to pressure one's superiors"],["突き上げる","つきあげる","P news v1 vt","v1",5,"to burst out (of emotions, etc.)","to fill one's heart"],["突上げる","つきあげる","v1 vt","v1",0,"to push up","to force up","to toss"],["突上げる","つきあげる","v1 vt","v1",0,"to pressure one's superiors"],["突上げる","つきあげる","v1 vt","v1",0,"to burst out (of emotions, etc.)","to fill one's heart"],["衝き上げる","つきあげる","v1 vt","v1",0,"to push up","to force up","to toss"],["衝き上げる","つきあげる","v1 vt","v1",0,"to pressure one's superiors"],["衝き上げる","つきあげる","v1 vt","v1",0,"to burst out (of emotions, etc.)","to fill one's heart"],["突き進む","つきすすむ","news v5m vi","v5",0,"to push on","to plunge forward","to push one's way to"],["突き通る","つきとおる","v5r vi","v5",0,"to penetrate"],["突通る","つきとおる","v5r vi","v5",0,"to penetrate"],["突き転ばす","つきころばす","v5s vt","v5",0,"to knock (a person) down"],["突き倒す","つきたおす","v5s vt","v5",0,"to push down"],["突き当たり","つきあたり","P ichi n","",5,"end (e.g. of street, hallway, etc.)"],["突き当り","つきあたり","n","",0,"end (e.g. of street, hallway, etc.)"],["突当たり","つきあたり","n","",0,"end (e.g. of street, hallway, etc.)"],["突当り","つきあたり","n","",0,"end (e.g. of street, hallway, etc.)"],["突き当たる","つきあたる","P ichi news v5r vi","v5",5,"to run into","to collide with","to crash into","to bump against"],["突き当たる","つきあたる","P ichi news v5r vi","v5",5,"to come to the end of (a street)"],["突き当たる","つきあたる","P ichi news v5r vi","v5",5,"to run into (difficulties, problems, etc.)","to run up against"],["突き当る","つきあたる","v5r vi","v5",0,"to run into","to collide with","to crash into","to bump against"],["突き当る","つきあたる","v5r vi","v5",0,"to come to the end of (a street)"],["突き当る","つきあたる","v5r vi","v5",0,"to run into (difficulties, problems, etc.)","to run up against"],["衝き当たる","つきあたる","v5r vi","v5",0,"to run into","to collide with","to crash into","to bump against"],["衝き当たる","つきあたる","v5r vi","v5",0,"to come to the end of (a street)"],["衝き当たる","つきあたる","v5r vi","v5",0,"to run into (difficulties, problems, etc.)","to run up against"],["衝き当る","つきあたる","v5r vi","v5",0,"to run into","to collide with","to crash into","to bump against"],["衝き当る","つきあたる","v5r vi","v5",0,"to come to the end of (a street)"],["衝き当る","つきあたる","v5r vi","v5",0,"to run into (difficulties, problems, etc.)","to run up against"],["突き動かす","つきうごかす","v5s vt","v5",0,"to stimulate","to stir up","to 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v5k vt","v5",5,"to brave (the rain, etc.)"],["衝く","つく","v5k vt","v5",0,"to prick","to stab"],["衝く","つく","v5k vt","v5",0,"to poke","to prod","to push","to thrust","to nudge","to hit","to strike"],["衝く","つく","v5k vt","v5",0,"to use (a cane)","to prop oneself up with","to press against (the floor, etc.)"],["衝く","つく","v5k vt","v5",0,"to attack"],["衝く","つく","v5k vt","v5",0,"to brave (the rain, etc.)"],["撞く","つく","v5k vt","v5",0,"to prick","to stab"],["撞く","つく","v5k vt","v5",0,"to poke","to prod","to push","to thrust","to nudge","to hit","to strike"],["撞く","つく","v5k vt","v5",0,"to use (a cane)","to prop oneself up with","to press against (the floor, etc.)"],["撞く","つく","v5k vt","v5",0,"to attack"],["撞く","つく","v5k vt","v5",0,"to brave (the rain, etc.)"],["捺く","つく","v5k vt","v5",0,"to prick","to stab"],["捺く","つく","v5k vt","v5",0,"to poke","to prod","to push","to thrust","to nudge","to hit","to strike"],["捺く","つく","v5k vt","v5",0,"to use (a cane)","to prop oneself up with","to press against (the 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etc.)"],["突っ突く","つっつく","v5k vt","v5",0,"to egg on","to put up to"],["突っつく","つっつく","v5k vt","v5",0,"to poke (repeatedly, lightly)","to nudge"],["突っつく","つっつく","v5k vt","v5",0,"to peck at (one's food)","to pick at"],["突っつく","つっつく","v5k vt","v5",0,"to peck at (someone's faults, etc.)"],["突っつく","つっつく","v5k vt","v5",0,"to egg on","to put up to"],["突っ立つ","つったつ","news v5t","v5",0,"to stick up (hair, etc.)"],["突っ立つ","つったつ","news v5t","v5",0,"to stand up abruptly"],["突っ立つ","つったつ","news v5t","v5",0,"to stand in one place, doing nothing in particular","to stand around","to stand flat-footed"],["突貫","とっかん","news spec n vs","vs",0,"charge","rush","lightning attack"],["突起","とっき","P news n vs","vs",5,"protuberance","projection","prominence","bump","boss","process","apophysis"],["突撃","とつげき","news n vs","vs",0,"assault","charge","attack"],["突撃隊員","とつげきたいいん","n","",0,"storm trooper","Brownshirt"],["突出","とっしゅつ","P news n vs adj-no","vs",5,"projection","protrusion"],["突進","とっしん","P news n 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address","consignee"],["届け出","とどけで","P news n vs","vs",5,"report","notification"],["届出","とどけで","n vs","vs",0,"report","notification"],["鳶が鷹を生む","とんびがたかをうむ","exp v5m","v5",0,"Even plain parents can produce a genius child","A great person may be born of perfectly ordinary parents"],["鳶が鷹を生む","とびがたかをうむ","exp v5m","v5",0,"Even plain parents can produce a genius child","A great person may be born of perfectly ordinary parents"],["とび職人","とびしょくにん","n","",0,"scaffold constructor","steeplejack"],["鳶職人","とびしょくにん","n","",0,"scaffold constructor","steeplejack"],["寅","とら","P news n","",5,"third sign of Chinese zodiac (The Tiger, 3am-5am, east-northeast, January)"],["寅年","とらどし","n","",0,"year of the tiger"],["酉","とり","news n","",0,"tenth sign of Chinese zodiac (The Bird, 5pm-7pm, west, August)"],["酉年","とりどし","n","",0,"year of the cock"],["屯","たむろ","n","",0,"gathering","place where people gather"],["屯","たむろ","arch n","",-1,"police station","camp","barracks"],["屯","たむら","ok n","",0,"gathering","place 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adj-i","adj-i",5,"sticky"],["ねばり強い","ねばりづよい","adj-i","adj-i",0,"tenacious","persevering","persistent","stubborn","steadfast"],["ねばり強い","ねばりづよい","adj-i","adj-i",0,"sticky"],["粘る","ねばる","P ichi news v5r vi","v5",5,"to be sticky","to be adhesive"],["粘る","ねばる","P ichi news v5r vi","v5",5,"to persevere","to persist","to stick to","to hold out","to linger"],["粘液","ねんえき","n adj-no","",0,"mucus","mucilage","viscous liquid","phlegm"],["粘性","ねんせい","news n adj-no","",0,"viscosity"],["粘着","ねんちゃく","P ichi news n vs","vs",5,"cohesion","adhesion"],["粘着力","ねんちゃくりょく","n","",0,"adhesive power","viscosity"],["粘度","ねんど","n","",0,"viscosity"],["粘土","ねんど","P ichi news n","",5,"clay"],["粘土","ねばつち","n","",0,"clay"],["粘土質","ねんどしつ","n adj-no","",0,"clay-like","clayey","argillaceous"],["粘膜","ねんまく","P news n adj-no","",5,"mucous membrane"],["粘稠","ねんちゅう","adj-na n","",0,"viscous"],["黏稠","ねんちゅう","adj-na n","",0,"viscous"],["の","","P spec prt","",5,"indicates possessive"],["の","","P spec prt","",5,"nominalizes verbs and adjectives"],["の","","P spec prt","",5,"substitutes for \"ga\" in subordinate phrases"],["の","","P spec prt","",5,"(at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion"],["の","","P spec fem prt","",5,"(at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis"],["の","","P spec prt","",5,"(at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question"],["乃至","ないし","P ichi conj uk","",5,"from ... to","between ... and"],["乃至","ないし","P ichi uk conj","",5,"or"],["乃父","だいふ","n","",0,"father"],["悩ましい","なやましい","news adj-i","adj-i",0,"seductive","carnal","enchanting"],["悩ましい","なやましい","news adj-i","adj-i",0,"troubling","difficult","thorny","hard"],["悩ましい","なやましい","news adj-i","adj-i",0,"anxious","uneasy"],["悩ます","なやます","P news v5s vt","v5",5,"to afflict","to torment","to harass","to molest"],["悩み","なやみ","P ichi news n","",5,"trouble","troubles","worry","distress","sorrows","anguish","agony","problem"],["悩む","なやむ","P ichi news v5m","v5",5,"to be worried","to be troubled"],["悩殺","のうさつ","n vs","vs",0,"fascinate","bewitch","enchant"],["濃い","こい","P ichi news adj-i","adj-i",5,"deep (colour)","dark"],["濃い","こい","P ichi news adj-i","adj-i",5,"strong (flavour, smell, etc.)"],["濃い","こい","P ichi news adj-i","adj-i",5,"thick (consistency)","dense"],["濃い","こい","P ichi news adj-i","adj-i",5,"strong (possibility, etc.)"],["濃い","こい","P ichi news adj-i","adj-i",5,"thick (i.e. \"as thick as thieves\")","close","deep (love, etc.)"],["濃褐色","のうかっしょく","adj-na","",0,"dark brown"],["濃厚","のうこう","P ichi news adj-na","",5,"rich (in flavor, color, smell, etc.)","thick","dense","strong"],["濃厚","のうこう","P ichi news adj-na","",5,"very likely","highly possible"],["濃厚","のうこう","P ichi news adj-na","",5,"passionate","hot"],["濃紺","のうこん","news spec n","",0,"dark blue"],["濃縮","のうしゅく","P ichi news n vs adj-no","vs",5,"concentration (e.g. of a solution)","enrichment","condensation"],["濃青色","のうせいしょく","adj-na","",0,"dark blue"],["濃淡","のうたん","P news n","",5,"light and shade","shade (of colour, color)"],["濃淡","のうたん","P news n","",5,"depth (of flavor)","complexity","strength and weakness (of flavor)"],["濃淡画像","のうたんがぞう","n","",0,"gray-scale image","grey-scale image"],["濃度","のうど","P news n","",5,"concentration","thickness","density"],["濃度","のうど","P news n","",5,"cardinality"],["濃密","のうみつ","news adj-na n","",0,"thick","dense","rich (as in taste or content)","deep (colour)","strong (smell, scent)"],["濃密","のうみつ","news adj-na n","",0,"crowded"],["濃霧","のうむ","news spec n","",0,"heavy fog","dense fog","thick fog"],["濃緑色","のうりょくしょく","adj-na","",0,"dark green"],["納屋","なや","news spec n","",0,"shed","barn","outhouse"],["納会","のうかい","news n","",0,"the last meeting (of the year, the term, etc.)"],["納棺","のうかん","n vs","vs",0,"placing of body in coffin"],["納期","のうき","news n","",0,"appointed day of delivery","time for payment"],["納税","のうぜい","P ichi news n vs","vs",5,"payment of taxes"],["納豆","なっとう","P ichi news n","",5,"natto (fermented soybeans)"],["納得","なっとく","P ichi news n vs","vs",5,"consent","assent","agreement"],["納得","なっとく","P ichi news n vs","vs",5,"understanding","comprehension","grasp"],["納入","のうにゅう","P ichi news n vs","vs",5,"payment (taxes, fees, etc.)"],["納入","のうにゅう","P ichi news n vs","vs",5,"supply (of goods)","delivery"],["納品","のうひん","news n vs","vs",0,"delivery of goods"],["納付","のうふ","P news n vs","vs",5,"payment","supply"],["能","のう","P ichi news n n-suf","",5,"talent","gift","function"],["能","のう","P ichi news n n-suf","",5,"noh (theatre)"],["能ある鷹は爪を隠す","のうあるたかはつめをかくす","exp proverb","",0,"a wise man keeps some of his talents in reserve","one shouldn't show off","the person who knows most often says least","a skilled hawk hides its talons"],["能有る鷹は爪を隠す","のうあるたかはつめをかくす","exp proverb","",0,"a wise man keeps some of his talents in reserve","one shouldn't show off","the person who knows most often says least","a skilled hawk hides its talons"],["脳ある鷹は爪を隠す","のうあるたかはつめをかくす","iK exp proverb","",-1,"a wise man keeps some of his talents in 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writer"],["能弁家","のうべんか","n","",0,"orator"],["能無し","のうなし","n","",0,"incompetence","ne'er-do-well"],["能無し","のうなし","adj-no n","",0,"incompetent","dimwitted","brainless"],["能なし","のうなし","n","",0,"incompetence","ne'er-do-well"],["能なし","のうなし","adj-no n","",0,"incompetent","dimwitted","brainless"],["能面","のうめん","news spec n","",0,"noh mask"],["能役者","のうやくしゃ","news n","",0,"noh actor"],["能吏","のうり","n","",0,"able official","capable official"],["能率","のうりつ","P ichi news n","",5,"efficiency"],["能率","のうりつ","P ichi news n","",5,"moment (i.e. magnetic moment)"],["能率給","のうりつきゅう","n","",0,"efficiency wages","performance-based remuneration"],["能率賃金","のうりつちんぎん","n","",0,"efficiency wages"],["能率的","のうりつてき","adj-na","",0,"efficient"],["能力","のうりょく","P ichi news n","",5,"ability","faculty"],["脳","のう","P ichi news n","",5,"brain"],["脳","のう","P ichi news n","",5,"brains","mind"],["脳溢血","のういっけつ","n","",0,"cerebral apoplexy"],["脳いっ血","のういっけつ","n","",0,"cerebral apoplexy"],["脳炎","のうえん","news spec n adj-no","",0,"brain inflammation","encephalitis","nephritis"],["脳下垂体","のうかすいたい","n","",0,"pituitary gland","pituitary body"],["脳梗塞","のうこうそく","news n","",0,"stroke (blocked blood vessel in brain)","cerebral infarction"],["脳硬塞","のうこうそく","n","",0,"stroke (blocked blood vessel in brain)","cerebral infarction"],["脳こうそく","のうこうそく","n","",0,"stroke (blocked blood vessel in brain)","cerebral infarction"],["脳細胞","のうさいぼう","n","",0,"brain cell"],["脳珊瑚","のうさんご","n","",0,"brain coral"],["脳死","のうし","P ichi news n adj-no","",5,"brain death"],["脳出血","のうしゅっけつ","P news n","",5,"cerebral hemorrhage","cerebral haemorrhage"],["脳髄","のうずい","n","",0,"brain"],["脳性","のうせい","news adj-na n adj-no","",0,"cerebral"],["脳卒中","のうそっちゅう","P news n","",5,"stroke","cerebral haemorrhage","cerebral hemorrhage"],["脳天","のうてん","n","",0,"crown of head"],["脳波","のうは","P news n","",5,"brain waves"],["脳貧血","のうひんけつ","n","",0,"cerebral anemia","cerebral anaemia"],["脳味噌","のうみそ","n","",0,"brains","brain tissue"],["脳みそ","のうみそ","n","",0,"brains","brain tissue"],["脳味噌を絞る","のうみそをしぼる","exp v5r","v5",0,"to rack one's brains"],["脳裏","のうり","P news n","",5,"one's mind"],["脳裡","のうり","n","",0,"one's mind"],["膿","うみ","n","",0,"pus"],["膿む","うむ","v5m vi","v5",0,"to fester","to form pus"],["膿疱","のうほう","n","",0,"pustule","pustula"],["膿瘍","のうよう","n","",0,"boil","abscess"],["農","のう","P news n","",5,"farming","agriculture"],["農園","のうえん","P news n","",5,"plantation"],["農家","のうか","P ichi news n","",5,"farmer","farm family"],["農学","のうがく","news n","",0,"agriculture"],["農閑期","のうかんき","news spec n","",0,"slack season for farmers","leisure season for farmers"],["農協","のうきょう","P ichi news n abbr","",5,"agricultural cooperative"],["農業","のうぎょう","P ichi news n adj-no","",5,"agriculture"],["農工","のうこう","news n","",0,"agriculture and industry"],["農耕","のうこう","P ichi news n","",5,"farming","agriculture"],["農作業","のうさぎょう","P news n","",5,"farmwork"],["農産","のうさん","P news n","",5,"agricultural products"],["農産物","のうさんぶつ","P news n","",5,"agricultural produce"],["農場","のうじょう","P ichi news n","",5,"farm (agriculture)"],["農村","のうそん","P ichi news n","",5,"agricultural community","farm village"],["農村","のうそん","P ichi news adj-no n","",5,"rural"],["農地","のうち","P ichi news n adj-no","",5,"agricultural land"],["農奴","のうど","n","",0,"serf"],["農夫","のうふ","news n","",0,"(male) farmer","peasant","farmhand"],["農民","のうみん","P ichi news n adj-no","",5,"farmers","peasants"],["農薬","のうやく","P news n adj-no","",5,"agricultural chemical (i.e. pesticide, herbicide, fungicide, etc.)","agrochemical","agrichemical"],["農林","のうりん","P ichi news n","",5,"agriculture and forestry"],["農林水産大臣","のうりんすいさんだいじん","n","",0,"Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries"],["覗き","のぞき","n adj-no","",0,"peep","peeping"],["覗き","のぞき","n abbr adj-no","",0,"peep show","device with lens mounted on a stand or in a box to view enlarged pictures"],["覘き","のぞき","n adj-no","",0,"peep","peeping"],["覘き","のぞき","n abbr adj-no","",0,"peep show","device with lens mounted on a stand or in a box to view enlarged pictures"],["覗き見","のぞきみ","n vs","vs",0,"peeking","peeping (e.g. through a hole, narrow gap)"],["のぞき見","のぞきみ","n vs","vs",0,"peeking","peeping (e.g. through a hole, narrow gap)"],["覗き込む","のぞきこむ","v5m vt","v5",0,"to look into","to peer in"],["覗きこむ","のぞきこむ","v5m vt","v5",0,"to look into","to peer in"],["のぞき込む","のぞきこむ","v5m vt","v5",0,"to look into","to peer in"],["覗く","のぞく","P ichi v5k vt","v5",5,"to peek (though a keyhole, gap, etc.)"],["覗く","のぞく","P ichi v5k vt","v5",5,"to look down into (a ravine, etc.)"],["覗く","のぞく","P ichi v5k vt","v5",5,"to peek into (a shop, bookstore, etc.)"],["覗く","のぞく","P ichi v5k vt","v5",5,"to sneak a look at","to take a quick look at"],["覗く","のぞく","P ichi v5k vt","v5",5,"to peep (through a telescope, microscope, etc.)"],["覗く","のぞく","P ichi v5k vi vt","v5",5,"to stick out (a scarf from a collar, etc.)","to peek through (sky through a forest canopy, etc.)"],["覗く","のぞく","P ichi arch v5k vt","v5",4,"to 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through a forest canopy, etc.)"],["窺く","のぞく","arch v5k vt","v5",-1,"to face"],["臨く","のぞく","v5k vt","v5",0,"to peek (though a keyhole, gap, etc.)"],["臨く","のぞく","v5k vt","v5",0,"to look down into (a ravine, etc.)"],["臨く","のぞく","v5k vt","v5",0,"to peek into (a shop, bookstore, etc.)"],["臨く","のぞく","v5k vt","v5",0,"to sneak a look at","to take a quick look at"],["臨く","のぞく","v5k vt","v5",0,"to peep (through a telescope, microscope, etc.)"],["臨く","のぞく","v5k vi vt","v5",0,"to stick out (a scarf from a collar, etc.)","to peek through (sky through a forest canopy, etc.)"],["臨く","のぞく","arch v5k vt","v5",-1,"to face"],["覗き魔","のぞきま","n","",0,"peeping tom"],["覗魔","のぞきま","n","",0,"peeping tom"],["蚤","のみ","n","",0,"flea"],["蚤","ノミ","n","",0,"flea"],["巴","ともえ","P news n","",5,"huge comma design"],["鞆絵","ともえ","n","",0,"huge comma design"],["巴瓦","ともえがわら","n","",0,"comma-pattern tile"],["巴旦杏","はたんきょう","n","",0,"plum","almond"],["巴投げ","ともえなげ","n","",0,"overhead throw in judo"],["把握","はあく","P news n 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edge","beach","foreshore"],["波打際","なみうちぎわ","n","",0,"water's edge","beach","foreshore"],["波打つ","なみうつ","news v5t vi","v5",0,"to dash against","to undulate","to wave","to heave","to beat fast (heart)"],["波打つ髪","なみうつかみ","exp n","",0,"wavy hair"],["波長","はちょう","P ichi news n","",5,"wavelength"],["波頭","なみがしら","news n","",0,"wave crest","whitecaps"],["波頭","はとう","n","",0,"wave crest","whitecaps"],["波動","はどう","news n adj-no","",0,"wave motion","undulation","surge"],["波動","はどう","news physics n adj-no","",0,"wave"],["波紋","はもん","P news n","",5,"ripple","ring on the water"],["波紋","はもん","P news n","",5,"repercussions"],["波紋","はもん","P news music n","",5,"Japanese slit drum","instrument made of iron with slits on top; makes a rippling sound"],["波浪","はろう","news spec n","",0,"waves","surge"],["波瀾万丈","はらんばんじょう","adj-na adj-no n yoji","",0,"stormy and full of drama","many drastic events in the course of events","full of ups and downs","with many vicissitudes"],["波乱万丈","はらんばんじょう","adj-na adj-no n 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beat"],["破る","やぶる","P ichi news v5r vt","v5",5,"to shatter (dream, peace, etc.)","to disturb"],["破る","やぶる","P ichi news v5r vt","v5",5,"to violate (a rule etc.)","to break (a promise etc.)"],["破る","やぶる","P ichi news v5r vt","v5",5,"to break (a record)"],["敗る","やぶる","v5r vt","v5",0,"to tear","to break","to destroy"],["敗る","やぶる","v5r vt","v5",0,"to break through (opponent's defense etc.)","to breach"],["敗る","やぶる","v5r vt","v5",0,"to defeat","to beat"],["敗る","やぶる","v5r vt","v5",0,"to shatter (dream, peace, etc.)","to disturb"],["敗る","やぶる","v5r vt","v5",0,"to violate (a rule etc.)","to break (a promise etc.)"],["敗る","やぶる","v5r vt","v5",0,"to break (a record)"],["破れる","やぶれる","P ichi v1 vi","v1",5,"to get torn","to tear","to rip","to break","to wear out"],["破れる","やぶれる","P ichi v1 vi","v1",5,"to be broken off (of negotiations, etc.)","to break down","to collapse","to fall into ruin"],["破れ目","やぶれめ","n","",0,"rent","tear","split"],["破れ目","やれめ","ok n","",0,"rent","tear","split"],["破瓜","はか","n","",0,"age 16 (girl)"],["破瓜","はか","n","",0,"age 64 (man)"],["破瓜","はか","n","",0,"puberty"],["破瓜","はか","n","",0,"deflowering"],["破瓜病","はかびょう","n","",0,"hebephrenia (disorganized schizophrenia) (disorganised)"],["破壊","はかい","P ichi news n vs","vs",5,"destruction","disruption"],["破壊","はかい","P ichi news comp n vs","vs",5,"(application) crash"],["破壊者","はかいしゃ","n","",0,"destroyer"],["破壊的","はかいてき","news adj-na","",0,"destructive","devastating"],["破戒","はかい","news n","",0,"breaking a commandment (usually religious)","offense against the Buddhist commandments (offence)"],["破格","はかく","P news adj-na n","",5,"extraordinary","special","exceptional","abnormal","unprecedented"],["破格","はかく","P news adj-na n","",5,"non-standard grammatical construction","ungrammatical usage","solecism"],["破棄","はき","P ichi news n vs","vs",5,"tearing up and discarding (e.g. documents)","disposal (e.g. weaponry)","revocation","annulment","breaking (e.g. treaty)","reversing (e.g. an original judgment) (judgement)","discard","cancellation","repeal"],["破毀","はき","n vs","vs",0,"tearing up and discarding (e.g. documents)","disposal (e.g. weaponry)","revocation","annulment","breaking (e.g. treaty)","reversing (e.g. an original judgment) (judgement)","discard","cancellation","repeal"],["破局","はきょく","P ichi news n","",5,"catastrophe","cataclysm","collapse (of a relationship)","breakup","split (friends, lovers, etc.)"],["破擦音","はさつおん","n ling","",0,"affricative sound"],["破産","はさん","P ichi news n vs","vs",5,"bankruptcy","insolvency"],["破算","はさん","n vs","vs",0,"checking","figuring","doing again"],["破傷風","はしょうふう","adj-na n","",0,"tetanus","lockjaw"],["破水","はすい","n vs","vs",0,"water breaking (during pregnancy)"],["破線","はせん","n adj-no","",0,"dotted line"],["破損","はそん","P ichi news n vs","vs",5,"damage"],["破綻","はたん","P ichi news n vs","vs",5,"failure","bankruptcy"],["破たん","はたん","n vs","vs",0,"failure","bankruptcy"],["破茶目茶","はちゃめちゃ","adj-na n uk","",0,"absurd","unreasonable","nonsensical","preposterous","incoherent"],["破茶目茶","はちゃめちゃ","adj-na n","",0,"extreme","senseless","reckless","wanton"],["破茶目茶","はちゃめちゃ","adj-na n","",0,"disorder","confusion","mess","wreck"],["破天荒","はてんこう","news adj-na n","",0,"unheard-of","unprecedented"],["破片","はへん","P ichi news n adj-no","",5,"fragment","splinter","broken piece"],["破滅","はめつ","P ichi news n vs","vs",5,"ruin","destruction","fall"],["破門","はもん","news n vs adj-no","vs",0,"excommunication","anathema"],["破約","はやく","n vs","vs",0,"breach of contract","breaking of word"],["破落戸","ごろつき","ateji n uk","",0,"rogue","thug","hoodlum","punk","racketeer"],["破落戸","ゴロツキ","ateji n uk","",0,"rogue","thug","hoodlum","punk","racketeer"],["破裂","はれつ","P ichi news n vs","vs",5,"explosion","rupture","break off"],["破裂音","はれつおん","n ling","",0,"plosive sound"],["破廉恥","はれんち","adj-na n","",0,"infamous","shameless"],["破廉恥","ハレンチ","adj-na n","",0,"infamous","shameless"],["婆","ばば","news n uk","",0,"old woman"],["婆","ばば","news uk n","",0,"joker (card)"],["婆","ばばあ","n uk","",0,"old woman"],["婆","ばばあ","derog uk n","",0,"hag","bitch"],["婆","ばばー","n uk","",0,"old woman"],["婆","ばばー","derog uk n","",0,"hag","bitch"],["婆","ババー","n uk","",0,"old woman"],["婆","ババー","derog uk n","",0,"hag","bitch"],["婆","ババ","n uk","",0,"old woman"],["婆","ババ","uk n","",0,"joker (card)"],["婆あ","ばばあ","ik n uk","",0,"old woman"],["婆あ","ばばあ","ik derog uk n","",0,"hag","bitch"],["婆あ","ばばー","ik n uk","",0,"old woman"],["婆あ","ばばー","ik derog uk n","",0,"hag","bitch"],["婆あ","ババー","ik n uk","",0,"old woman"],["婆あ","ババー","ik derog uk n","",0,"hag","bitch"],["婆あ","ババ","ik n uk","",0,"old woman"],["婆あ","ババ","ik uk n","",0,"joker (card)"],["ババ抜き","ババぬき","n","",0,"old maid (card game)"],["ババ抜き","ババぬき","sl n","",0,"living without one's mother-in-law"],["ばば抜き","ばばぬき","n","",0,"old maid (card game)"],["ばば抜き","ばばぬき","sl n","",0,"living without one's mother-in-law"],["婆抜き","ばばぬき","n","",0,"old maid (card game)"],["婆抜き","ばばぬき","sl n","",0,"living without one's mother-in-law"],["罵る","ののしる","P ichi v5r vt","v5",5,"to abuse (verbally)","to curse at","to shout abuse at","to speak ill of"],["罵声","ばせい","n","",0,"boos","jeers"],["罵倒","ばとう","n vs","vs",0,"abuse","disparagement"],["芭蕉","ばしょう","n uk","",0,"Japanese fiber banana (Musa basjoo)"],["芭蕉","バショウ","n uk","",0,"Japanese fiber banana (Musa basjoo)"],["馬","うま","P ichi news n","",5,"horse"],["馬","うま","P ichi news shogi n","",5,"promoted bishop"],["馬","いま","ok n","",0,"horse"],["馬","おま","ok n","",0,"horse"],["馬","ウマ","n","",0,"horse"],["馬の合う","うまのあう","exp v5u","v5",0,"to get along well with"],["馬の耳に念仏","うまのみみにねんぶつ","exp proverb","",0,"not heeding what others say","in one ear and out the other","reading the nenbutsu into a horse's ear"],["馬脚","ばきゃく","n","",0,"horse's legs"],["馬脚","ばきゃく","n","",0,"one's true character"],["馬具","ばぐ","news n","",0,"harness"],["馬市","うまいち","n","",0,"horse market"],["馬耳東風","ばじとうふう","n yoji","",0,"utter indifference","talking to the wall","praying to deaf ears"],["馬鹿げた","ばかげた","adj-f","",0,"absurd","foolish"],["馬鹿げた","バカげた","adj-f","",0,"absurd","foolish"],["馬鹿にする","ばかにする","exp vs-i","vs",0,"to make fun of","to look down on","to make light of"],["馬鹿にならない","ばかにならない","exp uk","",0,"something not insignificant","not to be sneezed at"],["馬鹿にならない","バカにならない","exp uk","",0,"something not insignificant","not to be sneezed at"],["馬鹿にできない","ばかにできない","exp","",0,"someone (something) not to be trifled with"],["馬鹿にできない","バカにできない","exp","",0,"someone (something) not to be trifled with"],["馬鹿に出来ない","ばかにできない","exp","",0,"someone (something) not to be trifled with"],["馬鹿に出来ない","バカにできない","exp","",0,"someone (something) not to be trifled with"],["馬鹿は死ななきゃ治らない","ばかはしななきゃなおらない","exp","",0,"once a fool, always a fool"],["馬鹿も一芸","ばかもいちげい","exp","",0,"even a fool has one talent"],["馬鹿を見る","ばかをみる","exp v1","v1",0,"to feel like an idiot","to make a fool of yourself"],["ばかを見る","ばかをみる","exp v1","v1",0,"to feel like an idiot","to make a fool of yourself"],["馬鹿者","ばかもの","n derog","",0,"moron","idiot","stupid person"],["ばか者","ばかもの","n derog","",0,"moron","idiot","stupid person"],["バカ受け","バカうけ","n vs col","vs",0,"ridiculously good reception","being extremely well-received"],["馬鹿受け","ばかうけ","n vs col","vs",0,"ridiculously good reception","being extremely well-received"],["バカ正直","バカしょうじき","adj-na","",0,"honest to a fault","foolishly honest","naively honest"],["馬鹿正直","ばかしょうじき","adj-na","",0,"honest to a fault","foolishly honest","naively honest"],["ばか正直","ばかしょうじき","adj-na","",0,"honest to a fault","foolishly honest","naively honest"],["馬鹿馬鹿しい","ばかばかしい","adj-i uk","adj-i",0,"absurd","ridiculous","silly","ludicrous","nonsensical","asinine","foolish"],["馬鹿馬鹿しい","バカバカしい","adj-i uk","adj-i",0,"absurd","ridiculous","silly","ludicrous","nonsensical","asinine","foolish"],["馬鹿野郎","ばかやろう","n int uk col derog yoji","",0,"idiot"],["馬鹿野郎","バカヤロー","n int uk col derog yoji","",0,"idiot"],["馬鹿野郎","バカヤロウ","n int uk col derog yoji","",0,"idiot"],["バカ野郎","バカやろう","n int uk col derog yoji","",0,"idiot"],["バカ野郎","バカヤロー","n int uk col derog yoji","",0,"idiot"],["バカ野郎","バカヤロウ","n int uk col derog yoji","",0,"idiot"],["馬鹿やろう","ばかやろう","n int uk col derog yoji","",0,"idiot"],["馬鹿やろう","バカヤロー","n int uk col derog yoji","",0,"idiot"],["馬鹿やろう","バカヤロウ","n int uk col derog yoji","",0,"idiot"],["ばか野郎","ばかやろう","n int uk col derog yoji","",0,"idiot"],["ばか野郎","バカヤロー","n int uk col derog yoji","",0,"idiot"],["ばか野郎","バカヤロウ","n int uk col derog yoji","",0,"idiot"],["馬鹿力","ばかぢから","n","",0,"great physical power","animal strength"],["馬鹿話","ばかばなし","n","",0,"foolish talk"],["馬車","ばしゃ","P news n","",5,"(horse-drawn) coach","carriage","wagon","cart"],["馬術","ばじゅつ","news spec n adj-no","",0,"horse-riding","horsemanship","equestrian art"],["馬小屋","うまごや","n","",0,"stable"],["馬丁","ばてい","n sens","",0,"stable boy","stable hand","groom"],["馬跳び","うまとび","n vs","vs",0,"(game of) leapfrog","leapfrogging"],["馬跳","うまとび","n vs","vs",0,"(game of) leapfrog","leapfrogging"],["馬頭","ばとう","news n","",0,"Hayagriva","Horsehead (tantric Buddhist deity)"],["馬肉","ばにく","news n","",0,"horsemeat"],["馬匹","ばひつ","n","",0,"horses"],["馬面","うまづら","n","",0,"long thin face"],["馬面","うまづら","n","",0,"Black Scraper (fish)"],["馬面","ばめん","n","",0,"long thin face"],["馬面","うまがお","n","",0,"long thin face"],["馬力","ばりき","news spec n","",0,"horse-power","h.p.","HP"],["俳画","はいが","n","",0,"briefly drawn picture","haiku picture"],["俳句","はいく","P ichi news n","",5,"haiku","17-mora poem, usu. in 3 lines of 5, 7 and 5 morae"],["俳号","はいごう","n","",0,"pseudonym of a haiku poet"],["俳人","はいじん","P news n","",5,"haiku poet"],["俳聖","はいせい","n","",0,"famous haiku poet","the poet Basho"],["俳壇","はいだん","news n","",0,"the world of the haiku"],["俳文","はいぶん","n","",0,"prose with a poetic haiku flavor (flavour)"],["俳味","はいみ","n","",0,"subdued taste","refined taste","haiku (poetic) flavor (flavour)"],["俳優","はいゆう","P ichi news n 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matter","waste","garbage","trash"],["廃墟","はいきょ","news n","",0,"ruins","abandoned building"],["廃虚","はいきょ","P news n","",5,"ruins","abandoned building"],["廃業","はいぎょう","P news n vs","vs",5,"cessation of business","discontinuation of business"],["廃坑","はいこう","news spec n vs","vs",0,"abandoned mine","disused mine"],["廃鉱","はいこう","n vs","vs",0,"abandoned mine","disused mine"],["廃合","はいごう","n vs","vs",0,"abolition and amalgamation"],["廃材","はいざい","P news n","",5,"scrap wood","scrap material"],["廃止","はいし","P ichi news n vs adj-no","vs",5,"abolition","repeal"],["廃疾","はいしつ","n adj-no","",0,"disablement","disability"],["廃車","はいしゃ","news n","",0,"decommissioned vehicle","out of service vehicle","end of life vehicle"],["廃車","はいしゃ","news n","",0,"deregistered vehicle","unregistered vehicle"],["廃車","はいしゃ","news n vs","vs",0,"deregistering (vehicle)","unregistering"],["廃人","はいじん","n","",0,"cripple","disabled person","invalid"],["癈人","はいじん","n","",0,"cripple","disabled person","invalid"],["廃絶","はいぜつ","P ichi news n vs","vs",5,"abolition","elimination"],["廃絶","はいぜつ","P ichi news n vs","vs",5,"extinction","discontinuation"],["廃嫡","はいちゃく","n vs","vs",0,"disinheritance"],["廃藩置県","はいはんちけん","n yoji","",0,"abolition of feudal domains and establishment of prefectures (1871)"],["廃盤","はいばん","n","",0,"out-of-print record (vinyl, CD)"],["廃品","はいひん","news n","",0,"waste","garbage"],["廃要素","はいようそ","n","",0,"obsolete element"],["廃要素","はいようそ","adj-f n","",0,"obsolescent"],["拝み倒す","おがみたおす","v5s vt","v5",0,"to persuade someone to consent","to entreat repeatedly","to beg","to implore"],["拝む","おがむ","P ichi news v5m vt","v5",5,"to assume the posture of praying","to press the palms and fingers of both hands together","to do reverence (e.g. before a statue of the Buddha)","to pay one's respects"],["拝む","おがむ","P ichi news v5m vt","v5",5,"to beg","to make a supplication"],["拝む","おがむ","P ichi news hum v5m vt","v5",5,"to see (something or someone of high status)"],["拝謁","はいえつ","n vs hum","vs",0,"having an audience with someone of very high social standing (e.g. the emperor)"],["拝火教","はいかきょう","n","",0,"Zoroastrianism"],["拝啓","はいけい","P ichi news n","",5,"Dear (so and so)","Dear Sir","Dear Madam","To Whom It May Concern"],["拝見","はいけん","P ichi news n vs hum pol","vs",5,"seeing","look at"],["拜見","はいけん","oK n vs hum pol","vs",0,"seeing","look at"],["拝借","はいしゃく","news spec n vs hum pol","vs",0,"borrowing"],["拝聴","はいちょう","n vs hum","vs",0,"listening respectfully"],["拝読","はいどく","n vs hum pol","vs",0,"reading"],["排液","はいえき","n","",0,"drainage","sewerage"],["排気","はいき","P news n vs","vs",5,"exhaust","ventilation"],["排気ガス","はいきガス","P ichi n","",5,"exhaust fumes"],["排気量","はいきりょう","n","",0,"(engine) displacement"],["排撃","はいげき","n vs","vs",0,"rejection","denunciation"],["排出","はいしゅつ","P news n vs adj-no","vs",5,"evacuation","emission (e.g. of CO2, etc.)","ejection"],["排除","はいじょ","P ichi news n vs adj-no","vs",5,"exclusion","removal","rejection","elimination","abatement","lifting (sanctions, 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the five skandha)"],["八卦","はっけ","n","",0,"eight trigrams","divination signs"],["八卦掌","はっけしょう","n MA","",0,"eight trigrams palm","Ba Gua Zhang or Pa Kua Chang"],["八月","はちがつ","P news n-adv","",5,"August"],["８月","はちがつ","P spec n-adv","",5,"August"],["八紘","はっこう","n","",0,"the eight directions","the whole land","the whole world"],["八紘一宇","はっこういちう","exp n yoji","",0,"universal brotherhood","all eight corners of the world under one roof"],["八荒","はっこう","n","",0,"the national boundaries"],["八朔","はっさく","n","",0,"Hassaku orange (Citrus hassaku)"],["八朔","はっさく","n","",0,"1st of August (lunar calendar)"],["八字髭","はちじひげ","n","",0,"finely-trimmed moustache"],["八十路","やそじ","n","",0,"age eighty","one's eighties"],["八重の潮路","やえのしおじ","n","",0,"distant seas"],["八重雲","やえぐも","n","",0,"layers of clouds"],["八重雲","やえくも","n","",0,"layers of clouds"],["八重垣","やえがき","n","",0,"fences within fences"],["八重咲き","やえざき","n","",0,"double blossom"],["八重桜","やえざくら","news spec n","",0,"double-flowered cherry tree","double cherry 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book"],["発掘","はっくつ","P ichi news n vs","vs",5,"excavation","exhumation"],["発掘","はっくつ","P ichi news n vs","vs",5,"discovery (e.g. new talent)"],["発券","はっけん","news n vs","vs",0,"issuing (a banknote, ticket, etc.)"],["発見","はっけん","P ichi news n vs","vs",5,"discovery","detection","finding"],["発見者","はっけんしゃ","n","",0,"discoverer"],["発見料","はっけんりょう","n","",0,"finder's fee"],["発現","はつげん","news n vs","vs",0,"revelation","manifestation","appearance"],["発現","はつげん","news n vs","vs",0,"expression (e.g. in molecular biology - protein expression or gene expression)"],["発言","はつげん","P ichi news n vs","vs",5,"statement","remark","observation","utterance","speech","proposal"],["発光","はっこう","P news n vs adj-no","vs",5,"luminescence","radiation"],["発光ダイオド","はっこうダイオド","n","",0,"light emitting diode","LED"],["発光ダイオード","はっこうダイオード","n","",0,"light emitting diode","LED"],["発効","はっこう","P news n vs","vs",5,"coming into effect"],["発行","はっこう","P ichi news n vs","vs",5,"issue (publications)","publishing"],["発行","はっこう","P ichi news n vs","vs",5,"raising an event (software)"],["発行スケジュール","はっこうスケジュール","n","",0,"publishing schedule"],["発行会社","はっこうがいしゃ","n","",0,"issuing company (e.g. of a credit card)"],["発行者","はっこうしゃ","news n","",0,"issuer","publisher"],["発行所","はっこうしょ","n","",0,"publishing house","publishing office"],["発行所","はっこうじょ","n","",0,"publishing house","publishing office"],["発行部数","はっこうぶすう","n","",0,"number of copies printed"],["発酵","はっこう","P news n vs adj-no","vs",5,"fermentation","zymosis"],["醗酵","はっこう","n vs adj-no","vs",0,"fermentation","zymosis"],["発酵乳","はっこうにゅう","n","",0,"yoghurt"],["発作","ほっさ","P ichi news n vs adj-no med","vs",5,"fit","spasm","attack","seizure"],["発散","はっさん","P ichi news n vs","vs",5,"emission","emanation","radiation","diffusion","dispersion"],["発散","はっさん","P ichi news n vs","vs",5,"letting out (feelings)","venting"],["発散","はっさん","P ichi news n vs","vs",5,"divergence (of light)"],["発散","はっさん","P ichi news math n 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by a pupil)"],["発表会","はっぴょうかい","n","",0,"presentation (e.g. product launch)"],["発表者","はっぴょうしゃ","news n","",0,"announcer","presenter","speaker","publisher"],["発病","はつびょう","P ichi news n vs","vs",5,"attack (disease)"],["発泡","はっぽう","news spec n vs adj-no","vs",0,"foaming"],["発泡スチロール","はっぽうスチロール","P news n","",5,"styrofoam","styrene foam","expanded polystyrene"],["発砲スチロール","はっぽうスチロール","iK n","",-1,"styrofoam","styrene foam","expanded polystyrene"],["発砲","はっぽう","P news n vs","vs",5,"firing","discharge of gun"],["発明","はつめい","P ichi news n vs","vs",5,"invention"],["発明","はつめい","P ichi news adj-na n vs","vs",5,"intelligent","clever"],["発明","はつめい","P ichi news n vs arch","vs",4,"being enlightened","having the meaning of everything become clear"],["発令","はつれい","P news n vs","vs",5,"official announcement","proclamation"],["発勁","はっけい","n MA","",0,"release internal power"],["髪","かみ","P ichi news n","",5,"hair (on the head)"],["髪の毛","かみのけ","P ichi news exp n","",5,"hair (head)"],["髪飾り","かみかざり","news n","",0,"hair ornaments"],["髪置き","かみおき","n","",0,"ceremony of allowing the hair to grow at age three"],["髪置","かみおき","io n","",0,"ceremony of allowing the hair to grow at age three"],["伐つ","うつ","v5t","v5",0,"to strike","to attack","to punish"],["伐採","ばっさい","P news n vs","vs",5,"lumbering","felling","deforestation"],["伐倒","ばっとう","n vs","vs",0,"felling"],["伐木","ばつぼく","n","",0,"felling","logging"],["罰","ばち","P ichi news n","",5,"(divine) punishment","curse","retribution"],["罰","ばつ","P ichi n n-suf","",5,"punishment","penalty"],["罰が当たる","ばちがあたる","exp v5r uk","v5",0,"to incur divine punishment","to pay for one's sins"],["罰が当たる","ばちがあたる","int exp v5r","v5",0,"You'll pay for that!","What goes around, comes around"],["罰する","ばっする","P ichi news vs-s","vs",5,"to punish","to penalize","to penalise"],["罰金","ばっきん","P ichi news n","",5,"fine","penalty"],["罰則","ばっそく","P ichi news n","",5,"punishment","penalty"],["罰則","ばっそく","P ichi news n","",5,"penal regulations","penal code"],["罰当たり","ばちあたり","adj-na 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