template ContiguousContainer::ContiguousContainer() : mSize(0), mCapacity(10) { // Allocate memory for 10 objects initially mData = static_cast(malloc(mCapacity * sizeof(T))); if (!mData) { throw std::bad_alloc(); } } template ContiguousContainer::~ContiguousContainer() { // Destroy all constructed objects for (size_t i = 0; i < mSize; ++i) { mData[i].~T(); } // Free the allocated memory free(mData); } template template void ContiguousContainer::pushBack(Args &&... args) { if (mSize == mCapacity) { // Double the capacity if the container is full resize(mCapacity * 2); } // Use placement new with perfect forwarding to construct the object in place new (mData + mSize) T(std::forward(args)...); ++mSize; } template void ContiguousContainer::popBack() { if (mSize > 0) { --mSize; // Explicitly call the destructor mData[mSize].~T(); } } template T & ContiguousContainer::operator[](size_t index) { if (index >= mSize) { throw std::out_of_range("Index out of range"); } return mData[index]; } template size_t ContiguousContainer::getSize() const { return mSize; } // Function that returns a vector of references to all stored objects template std::vector> ContiguousContainer::getAllReferences() { std::vector> references; references.reserve(mSize); // Reserve space to avoid reallocation for (size_t i = 0; i < mSize; ++i) { references.push_back(std::ref(mData[i])); } return references; } template void ContiguousContainer::resize(size_t new_capacity) { // Allocate new memory block with the updated capacity T * new_data = static_cast(malloc(new_capacity * sizeof(T))); if (!new_data) { throw std::bad_alloc(); } // Move or copy existing objects to the new memory block for (size_t i = 0; i < mSize; ++i) { new (new_data + i) T(std::move(mData[i])); // Move the objects mData[i].~T(); // Call the destructor for the old object } // Free the old memory block free(mData); mData = new_data; mCapacity = new_capacity; }