Merge branch 'master' of https://github.com/lonkaars/crepe into wouter/events

13 files changed, 240 insertions, 141 deletions

diff --git a/src/crepe/Component.h b/src/crepe/Component.h
index 5279fb3..dc17721 100644
--- a/src/crepe/Component.h
+++ b/src/crepe/Component.h
@@ -27,6 +27,11 @@ protected:
 	//! Only the ComponentManager can create components
 	friend class ComponentManager;
 
+	Component(const Component &) = delete;
+	Component(Component &&) = delete;
+	virtual Component & operator=(const Component &) = delete;
+	virtual Component & operator=(Component &&) = delete;
+
 public:
 	virtual ~Component() = default;
 
diff --git a/src/crepe/api/Color.cpp b/src/crepe/api/Color.cpp
index 9e5f187..29bd77a 100644
--- a/src/crepe/api/Color.cpp
+++ b/src/crepe/api/Color.cpp
@@ -2,32 +2,11 @@
 
 using namespace crepe;
 
-Color Color::white = Color(255, 255, 255, 0);
-Color Color::red = Color(255, 0, 0, 0);
-Color Color::green = Color(0, 255, 0, 0);
-Color Color::blue = Color(0, 0, 255, 0);
-Color Color::black = Color(0, 0, 0, 0);
-Color Color::cyan = Color(0, 255, 255, 0);
-Color Color::yellow = Color(255, 255, 0, 0);
-Color Color::magenta = Color(255, 0, 255, 0);
-
-Color::Color(uint8_t red, uint8_t green, uint8_t blue, uint8_t alpha) {
-	this->a = alpha;
-	this->r = red;
-	this->g = green;
-	this->b = blue;
-};
-
-const Color & Color::get_white() { return Color::white; };
-
-const Color & Color::get_red() { return Color::red; };
-const Color & Color::get_green() { return Color::green; };
-const Color & Color::get_blue() { return Color::blue; };
-
-const Color & Color::get_black() { return Color::black; };
-
-const Color & Color::get_cyan() { return Color::cyan; };
-
-const Color & Color::get_yellow() { return Color::yellow; };
-
-const Color & Color::get_magenta() { return Color::magenta; };
+const Color Color::WHITE{0xff, 0xff, 0xff};
+const Color Color::RED{0xff, 0x00, 0x00};
+const Color Color::GREEN{0x00, 0xff, 0x00};
+const Color Color::BLUE{0x00, 0x00, 0xff};
+const Color Color::BLACK{0x00, 0x00, 0x00};
+const Color Color::CYAN{0x00, 0xff, 0xff};
+const Color Color::YELLOW{0xff, 0xff, 0x00};
+const Color Color::MAGENTA{0xff, 0x00, 0xff};
diff --git a/src/crepe/api/Color.h b/src/crepe/api/Color.h
index aa47bf4..84edb5c 100644
--- a/src/crepe/api/Color.h
+++ b/src/crepe/api/Color.h
@@ -4,41 +4,20 @@
 
 namespace crepe {
 
-// TODO: make Color a struct w/o constructors/destructors
-class Color {
-
-	// FIXME: can't these colors be defined as a `static constexpr const Color`
-	// instead?
-
-public:
-	Color(uint8_t red, uint8_t green, uint8_t blue, uint8_t alpha);
-	static const Color & get_white();
-	static const Color & get_red();
-	static const Color & get_green();
-	static const Color & get_blue();
-	static const Color & get_cyan();
-	static const Color & get_magenta();
-	static const Color & get_yellow();
-	static const Color & get_black();
-
-private:
-	// TODO: why are these private!?
-	uint8_t r;
-	uint8_t g;
-	uint8_t b;
-	uint8_t a;
-
-	static Color white;
-	static Color red;
-	static Color green;
-	static Color blue;
-	static Color cyan;
-	static Color magenta;
-	static Color yellow;
-	static Color black;
-
-private:
-	friend class SDLContext;
+struct Color {
+	uint8_t r = 0x00;
+	uint8_t g = 0x00;
+	uint8_t b = 0x00;
+	uint8_t a = 0xff;
+
+	static const Color WHITE;
+	static const Color RED;
+	static const Color GREEN;
+	static const Color BLUE;
+	static const Color CYAN;
+	static const Color MAGENTA;
+	static const Color YELLOW;
+	static const Color BLACK;
 };
 
 } // namespace crepe
diff --git a/src/crepe/api/Sprite.h b/src/crepe/api/Sprite.h
index 0192793..74a55d4 100644
--- a/src/crepe/api/Sprite.h
+++ b/src/crepe/api/Sprite.h
@@ -2,8 +2,9 @@
 
 #include <memory>
 
+#include "../Component.h"
+
 #include "Color.h"
-#include "Component.h"
 #include "Texture.h"
 
 namespace crepe {
diff --git a/src/crepe/api/Texture.cpp b/src/crepe/api/Texture.cpp
index de0d0ea..734a5bb 100644
--- a/src/crepe/api/Texture.cpp
+++ b/src/crepe/api/Texture.cpp
@@ -35,5 +35,5 @@ int Texture::get_width() const {
 }
 int Texture::get_height() const {
 	if (this->texture == nullptr) return 0;
-	return SDLContext::get_instance().get_width(*this);
+	return SDLContext::get_instance().get_height(*this);
 }
diff --git a/src/crepe/facade/DB.cpp b/src/crepe/facade/DB.cpp
index d5d19dc..95cf606 100644
--- a/src/crepe/facade/DB.cpp
+++ b/src/crepe/facade/DB.cpp
@@ -18,8 +18,8 @@ DB::DB(const string & path) {
 	this->db = {db, [](libdb::DB * db) { db->close(db, 0); }};
 
 	// load or create database file
-	ret = this->db->open(this->db.get(), NULL, path.c_str(), NULL, libdb::DB_BTREE, DB_CREATE,
-						 0);
+	const char * file = path.empty() ? NULL : path.c_str();
+	ret = this->db->open(this->db.get(), NULL, file, NULL, libdb::DB_BTREE, DB_CREATE, 0);
 	if (ret != 0) throw runtime_error(format("db->open: {}", libdb::db_strerror(ret)));
 
 	// create cursor
diff --git a/src/crepe/facade/DB.h b/src/crepe/facade/DB.h
index 629b0eb..115c0f1 100644
--- a/src/crepe/facade/DB.h
+++ b/src/crepe/facade/DB.h
@@ -22,8 +22,10 @@ class DB {
 public:
 	/**
 	 * \param path  The path of the database (created if nonexistant)
+	 *
+	 * \note If \p path is empty, the database is entirely in-memory
 	 */
-	DB(const std::string & path);
+	DB(const std::string & path = "");
 	virtual ~DB() = default;
 
 public:
diff --git a/src/crepe/facade/SDLContext.cpp b/src/crepe/facade/SDLContext.cpp
index 9464c31..b8b2bda 100644
--- a/src/crepe/facade/SDLContext.cpp
+++ b/src/crepe/facade/SDLContext.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include <SDL2/SDL.h>
 #include <SDL2/SDL_image.h>
+#include <SDL2/SDL_keycode.h>
 #include <SDL2/SDL_rect.h>
 #include <SDL2/SDL_render.h>
 #include <SDL2/SDL_surface.h>
@@ -7,13 +8,15 @@
 #include <cmath>
 #include <cstddef>
 #include <functional>
-#include <iostream>
 #include <memory>
+#include <stdexcept>
 #include <string>
 
+#include "../api/Camera.h"
 #include "../api/Sprite.h"
 #include "../api/Texture.h"
 #include "../api/Transform.h"
+#include "../api/Vector2.h"
 #include "../util/Log.h"
 
 #include "SDLContext.h"
@@ -30,29 +33,21 @@ SDLContext::SDLContext() {
 	dbg_trace();
 	// FIXME: read window defaults from config manager
 
-	if (SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO) < 0) {
-		// FIXME: throw exception
-		std::cerr << "SDL could not initialize! SDL_Error: " << SDL_GetError() << std::endl;
-		return;
+	if (SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO) != 0) {
+		throw runtime_error(format("SDLContext: SDL_Init error: {}", SDL_GetError()));
 	}
 	SDL_Window * tmp_window
 		= SDL_CreateWindow("Crepe Game Engine", SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED, SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED,
 						   this->viewport.w, this->viewport.h, 0);
 	if (!tmp_window) {
-		// FIXME: throw exception
-		std::cerr << "Window could not be created! SDL_Error: " << SDL_GetError() << std::endl;
-		return;
+		throw runtime_error(format("SDLContext: SDL_Window error: {}", SDL_GetError()));
 	}
 	this->game_window = {tmp_window, [](SDL_Window * window) { SDL_DestroyWindow(window); }};
 
 	SDL_Renderer * tmp_renderer
 		= SDL_CreateRenderer(this->game_window.get(), -1, SDL_RENDERER_ACCELERATED);
 	if (!tmp_renderer) {
-		// FIXME: throw exception
-		std::cerr << "Renderer could not be created! SDL_Error: " << SDL_GetError()
-				  << std::endl;
-		SDL_DestroyWindow(this->game_window.get());
-		return;
+		throw runtime_error(format("SDLContext: SDL_CreateRenderer error: {}", SDL_GetError()));
 	}
 
 	this->game_renderer
@@ -60,9 +55,7 @@ SDLContext::SDLContext() {
 
 	int img_flags = IMG_INIT_PNG;
 	if (!(IMG_Init(img_flags) & img_flags)) {
-		// FIXME: throw exception
-		std::cout << "SDL_image could not initialize! SDL_image Error: " << IMG_GetError()
-				  << std::endl;
+		throw runtime_error("SDLContext: SDL_image could not initialize!");
 	}
 }
 
@@ -102,40 +95,63 @@ void SDLContext::handle_events(bool & running) {
 void SDLContext::clear_screen() { SDL_RenderClear(this->game_renderer.get()); }
 void SDLContext::present_screen() { SDL_RenderPresent(this->game_renderer.get()); }
 
-void SDLContext::draw(const Sprite & sprite, const Transform & transform, const Camera & cam) {
-
-	SDL_RendererFlip render_flip
-		= (SDL_RendererFlip) ((SDL_FLIP_HORIZONTAL * sprite.flip.flip_x)
-							  | (SDL_FLIP_VERTICAL * sprite.flip.flip_y));
-
-	double adjusted_x = (transform.position.x - cam.x) * cam.zoom;
-	double adjusted_y = (transform.position.y - cam.y) * cam.zoom;
-	double adjusted_w = sprite.sprite_rect.w * transform.scale * cam.zoom;
-	double adjusted_h = sprite.sprite_rect.h * transform.scale * cam.zoom;
-
-	SDL_Rect srcrect = {
+SDL_Rect SDLContext::get_src_rect(const Sprite & sprite) const {
+	return SDL_Rect{
 		.x = sprite.sprite_rect.x,
 		.y = sprite.sprite_rect.y,
 		.w = sprite.sprite_rect.w,
 		.h = sprite.sprite_rect.h,
 	};
+}
+SDL_Rect SDLContext::get_dst_rect(const Sprite & sprite, const Vector2 & pos,
+								  const double & scale, const Camera & cam) const {
+
+	double adjusted_x = (pos.x - cam.x) * cam.zoom;
+	double adjusted_y = (pos.y - cam.y) * cam.zoom;
+	double adjusted_w = sprite.sprite_rect.w * scale * cam.zoom;
+	double adjusted_h = sprite.sprite_rect.h * scale * cam.zoom;
 
-	SDL_Rect dstrect = {
+	return SDL_Rect{
 		.x = static_cast<int>(adjusted_x),
 		.y = static_cast<int>(adjusted_y),
 		.w = static_cast<int>(adjusted_w),
 		.h = static_cast<int>(adjusted_h),
 	};
+}
+
+void SDLContext::draw_particle(const Sprite & sprite, const Vector2 & pos,
+							   const double & angle, const double & scale,
+							   const Camera & camera) {
+
+	SDL_RendererFlip render_flip
+		= (SDL_RendererFlip) ((SDL_FLIP_HORIZONTAL * sprite.flip.flip_x)
+							  | (SDL_FLIP_VERTICAL * sprite.flip.flip_y));
+
+	SDL_Rect srcrect = this->get_src_rect(sprite);
+	SDL_Rect dstrect = this->get_dst_rect(sprite, pos, scale, camera);
+
+	SDL_RenderCopyEx(this->game_renderer.get(), sprite.sprite_image->texture.get(), &srcrect,
+					 &dstrect, angle, NULL, render_flip);
+}
+
+void SDLContext::draw(const Sprite & sprite, const Transform & transform, const Camera & cam) {
+
+	SDL_RendererFlip render_flip
+		= (SDL_RendererFlip) ((SDL_FLIP_HORIZONTAL * sprite.flip.flip_x)
+							  | (SDL_FLIP_VERTICAL * sprite.flip.flip_y));
+
+	SDL_Rect srcrect = this->get_src_rect(sprite);
+	SDL_Rect dstrect = this->get_dst_rect(sprite, transform.position, transform.scale, cam);
 
 	SDL_RenderCopyEx(this->game_renderer.get(), sprite.sprite_image->texture.get(), &srcrect,
 					 &dstrect, transform.rotation, NULL, render_flip);
 }
 
-void SDLContext::camera(const Camera & cam) {
+void SDLContext::set_camera(const Camera & cam) {
 	this->viewport.w = static_cast<int>(cam.aspect_width);
 	this->viewport.h = static_cast<int>(cam.aspect_height);
-	this->viewport.x = static_cast<int>(cam.x) - (SCREEN_WIDTH / 2);
-	this->viewport.y = static_cast<int>(cam.y) - (SCREEN_HEIGHT / 2);
+	this->viewport.x = static_cast<int>(cam.x) - (this->viewport.w / 2);
+	this->viewport.y = static_cast<int>(cam.y) - (this->viewport.h / 2);
 
 	SDL_SetRenderDrawColor(this->game_renderer.get(), cam.bg_color.r, cam.bg_color.g,
 						   cam.bg_color.b, cam.bg_color.a);
@@ -147,9 +163,8 @@ std::unique_ptr<SDL_Texture, std::function<void(SDL_Texture *)>>
 SDLContext::texture_from_path(const std::string & path) {
 
 	SDL_Surface * tmp = IMG_Load(path.c_str());
-	if (tmp == nullptr) {
-		tmp = IMG_Load("../asset/texture/ERROR.png");
-	}
+	if (tmp == nullptr)
+		throw runtime_error(format("SDLContext: IMG_Load error: {}", SDL_GetError()));
 
 	std::unique_ptr<SDL_Surface, std::function<void(SDL_Surface *)>> img_surface;
 	img_surface = {tmp, [](SDL_Surface * surface) { SDL_FreeSurface(surface); }};
@@ -158,7 +173,7 @@ SDLContext::texture_from_path(const std::string & path) {
 		= SDL_CreateTextureFromSurface(this->game_renderer.get(), img_surface.get());
 
 	if (tmp_texture == nullptr) {
-		throw runtime_error(format("Texture cannot be load from {}", path));
+		throw runtime_error(format("SDLContext: Texture cannot be load from {}", path));
 	}
 
 	std::unique_ptr<SDL_Texture, std::function<void(SDL_Texture *)>> img_texture;
diff --git a/src/crepe/facade/SDLContext.h b/src/crepe/facade/SDLContext.h
index 007092b..841ffc9 100644
--- a/src/crepe/facade/SDLContext.h
+++ b/src/crepe/facade/SDLContext.h
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include <SDL2/SDL_keycode.h>
+#include <SDL2/SDL_rect.h>
 #include <SDL2/SDL_render.h>
 #include <SDL2/SDL_video.h>
+#include <cmath>
 #include <functional>
 #include <memory>
 #include <string>
@@ -10,10 +12,7 @@
 #include "../api/Sprite.h"
 #include "../api/Transform.h"
 #include "api/Camera.h"
-
-// FIXME: this needs to be removed
-const int SCREEN_WIDTH = 640;
-const int SCREEN_HEIGHT = 480;
+#include "api/Vector2.h"
 
 namespace crepe {
 
@@ -21,9 +20,6 @@ namespace crepe {
 // typedef is unusable when crepe is packaged. Wouter will fix this later.
 typedef SDL_Keycode CREPE_KEYCODES;
 
-class Texture;
-class LoopManager;
-
 /**
  * \class SDLContext
  * \brief Facade for the SDL library
@@ -91,9 +87,6 @@ private:
 	//! Will use the funtions: texture_from_path, get_width,get_height.
 	friend class Texture;
 
-	//! Will use the funtions: texture_from_path, get_width,get_height.
-	friend class Animator;
-
 	/**
 	 * \brief Loads a texture from a file path.
 	 * \param path Path to the image file.
@@ -127,6 +120,9 @@ private:
 	 */
 	void draw(const Sprite & sprite, const Transform & transform, const Camera & camera);
 
+	void draw_particle(const Sprite & sprite, const Vector2 & pos, const double & angle,
+					   const double & scale, const Camera & camera);
+
 	//! Clears the screen, preparing for a new frame.
 	void clear_screen();
 
@@ -134,10 +130,31 @@ private:
 	void present_screen();
 
 	/**
-	 * \brief Sets the current camera for rendering.
+	 * \brief sets the background of the camera (will be adjusted in future PR)
 	 * \param camera Reference to the Camera object.
 	 */
-	void camera(const Camera & camera);
+	void set_camera(const Camera & camera);
+
+private:
+	/**
+	 * \brief calculates the sqaure size of the image
+	 *
+	 * \param sprite Reference to the sprite to calculate the rectangle
+	 * \return sdl rectangle to draw a src image
+	 */
+	SDL_Rect get_src_rect(const Sprite & sprite) const;
+	/**
+	 * \brief calculates the sqaure size of the image for an destination
+	 *
+	 * \param sprite Reference to the sprite to calculate the rectangle
+	 * \param pos the pos in pixel positions
+	 * \param scale the multiplier to increase of decrease for the specified sprite 
+	 * \param cam Reference to the current camera in the scene to calculate the position based
+	 * on the camera 
+	 * \return sdl rectangle to draw a dst image to draw on the screen
+	 */
+	SDL_Rect get_dst_rect(const Sprite & sprite, const Vector2 & pos, const double & scale,
+						  const Camera & cam) const;
 
 private:
 	//! sdl Window
diff --git a/src/crepe/system/RenderSystem.cpp b/src/crepe/system/RenderSystem.cpp
index fa3d0de..e379771 100644
--- a/src/crepe/system/RenderSystem.cpp
+++ b/src/crepe/system/RenderSystem.cpp
@@ -1,44 +1,104 @@
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cassert>
+#include <cmath>
 #include <functional>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <stdexcept>
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "../ComponentManager.h"
+#include "../api/ParticleEmitter.h"
 #include "../api/Sprite.h"
 #include "../api/Transform.h"
+#include "../api/Vector2.h"
 #include "../facade/SDLContext.h"
-#include "../util/Log.h"
 
 #include "RenderSystem.h"
 
 using namespace crepe;
+using namespace std;
 
-void RenderSystem::clear_screen() const { SDLContext::get_instance().clear_screen(); }
+void RenderSystem::clear_screen() { this->context.clear_screen(); }
 
-void RenderSystem::present_screen() const { SDLContext::get_instance().present_screen(); }
+void RenderSystem::present_screen() { this->context.present_screen(); }
 void RenderSystem::update_camera() {
 	ComponentManager & mgr = this->component_manager;
 
 	std::vector<std::reference_wrapper<Camera>> cameras = mgr.get_components_by_type<Camera>();
 
+	if (cameras.size() == 0) throw std::runtime_error("No cameras in current scene");
+
 	for (Camera & cam : cameras) {
-		SDLContext::get_instance().camera(cam);
-		this->curr_cam = &cam;
+		if (!cam.active) continue;
+		this->context.set_camera(cam);
+		this->curr_cam_ref = &cam;
 	}
 }
-void RenderSystem::render_sprites() const {
-	ComponentManager & mgr = this->component_manager;
 
-	std::vector<std::reference_wrapper<Sprite>> sprites = mgr.get_components_by_type<Sprite>();
+bool sorting_comparison(const Sprite & a, const Sprite & b) {
+	if (a.sorting_in_layer < b.sorting_in_layer) return true;
+	if (a.sorting_in_layer == b.sorting_in_layer) return a.order_in_layer < b.order_in_layer;
 
-	SDLContext & render = SDLContext::get_instance();
-	for (const Sprite & sprite : sprites) {
-		auto transforms = mgr.get_components_by_id<Transform>(sprite.game_object_id);
-		render.draw(sprite, transforms[0], *curr_cam);
-	}
+	return false;
+}
+
+std::vector<std::reference_wrapper<Sprite>>
+RenderSystem::sort(std::vector<std::reference_wrapper<Sprite>> & objs) const {
+
+	std::vector<std::reference_wrapper<Sprite>> sorted_objs(objs);
+	std::sort(sorted_objs.begin(), sorted_objs.end(), sorting_comparison);
+
+	return sorted_objs;
 }
 
 void RenderSystem::update() {
 	this->clear_screen();
 	this->update_camera();
-	this->render_sprites();
+	this->render();
 	this->present_screen();
 }
+
+bool RenderSystem::render_particle(const Sprite & sprite, const double & scale) {
+
+	ComponentManager & mgr = this->component_manager;
+
+	vector<reference_wrapper<ParticleEmitter>> emitters
+		= mgr.get_components_by_id<ParticleEmitter>(sprite.game_object_id);
+
+	bool rendering_particles = false;
+
+	for (const ParticleEmitter & em : emitters) {
+		if (!(&em.data.sprite == &sprite)) continue;
+		rendering_particles = true;
+		if (!em.active) continue;
+
+		for (const Particle & p : em.data.particles) {
+			if (!p.active) continue;
+			this->context.draw_particle(sprite, p.position, p.angle, scale,
+										*this->curr_cam_ref);
+		}
+	}
+	return rendering_particles;
+}
+void RenderSystem::render_normal(const Sprite & sprite, const Transform & tm) {
+	this->context.draw(sprite, tm, *this->curr_cam_ref);
+}
+
+void RenderSystem::render() {
+
+	ComponentManager & mgr = this->component_manager;
+	vector<reference_wrapper<Sprite>> sprites = mgr.get_components_by_type<Sprite>();
+	vector<reference_wrapper<Sprite>> sorted_sprites = this->sort(sprites);
+
+	for (const Sprite & sprite : sorted_sprites) {
+		if (!sprite.active) continue;
+		const Transform & transform
+			= mgr.get_components_by_id<Transform>(sprite.game_object_id).front().get();
+
+		bool rendered_particles = this->render_particle(sprite, transform.scale);
+
+		if (rendered_particles) continue;
+
+		this->render_normal(sprite, transform);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/src/crepe/system/RenderSystem.h b/src/crepe/system/RenderSystem.h
index 87ec494..d25a6e3 100644
--- a/src/crepe/system/RenderSystem.h
+++ b/src/crepe/system/RenderSystem.h
@@ -1,18 +1,24 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#include "api/Camera.h"
+#include <functional>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "facade/SDLContext.h"
 
 #include "System.h"
+#include <cmath>
 
 namespace crepe {
 
+class Camera;
+class Sprite;
+
 /**
  * \class RenderSystem
  * \brief Manages rendering operations for all game objects.
  *
- * RenderSystem is responsible for rendering sprites, clearing and presenting the screen, and
- * managing the active camera. It functions as a singleton, providing centralized rendering
- * services for the application.
+ * RenderSystem is responsible for rendering, clearing and presenting the screen, and
+ * managing the active camera. 
  */
 class RenderSystem : public System {
 public:
@@ -25,20 +31,45 @@ public:
 
 private:
 	//! Clears the screen in preparation for rendering.
-	void clear_screen() const;
+	void clear_screen();
 
 	//! Presents the rendered frame to the display.
-	void present_screen() const;
+	void present_screen();
 
 	//! Updates the active camera used for rendering.
 	void update_camera();
 
-	//! Renders all active sprites to the screen.
-	void render_sprites() const;
+	//! Renders the whole screen
+	void render();
+
+	/**
+	 * \brief Renders all the particles on the screen from a given sprite.
+	 *
+	 * \param sprite renders the particles with given texture
+	 * \param tm the Transform component for scale
+	 * \return true if particles have been rendered
+	 */
+	bool render_particle(const Sprite & sprite, const double & scale);
+
+	/**
+	 * \brief renders a sprite with a Transform component on the screen 
+	 *
+	 * \param sprite  the sprite component that holds all the data
+	 * \param tm the Transform component that holds the position,rotation and scale 
+	 */
+	void render_normal(const Sprite & sprite, const Transform & tm);
+
+	/**
+	 * \brief sort a vector sprite objects with
+	 *
+	 * \param objs the vector that will do a sorting algorithm on 
+	 * \return returns a sorted reference vector
+	 */
+	std::vector<std::reference_wrapper<Sprite>>
+	sort(std::vector<std::reference_wrapper<Sprite>> & objs) const;
 
 	/**
 	 * \todo Include color handling for sprites.
-	 * \todo Implement particle emitter rendering with sprites.
 	 * \todo Add text rendering using SDL_ttf for text components.
 	 * \todo Implement a text component and a button component.
 	 * \todo Ensure each sprite is checked for active status before rendering.
@@ -48,8 +79,10 @@ private:
 
 private:
 	//! Pointer to the current active camera for rendering
-	Camera * curr_cam = nullptr;
+	Camera * curr_cam_ref = nullptr;
 	// TODO: needs a better solution
+
+	SDLContext & context = SDLContext::get_instance();
 };
 
 } // namespace crepe
diff --git a/src/crepe/util/Proxy.h b/src/crepe/util/Proxy.h
index b34f7c6..789144a 100644
--- a/src/crepe/util/Proxy.h
+++ b/src/crepe/util/Proxy.h
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@ template <typename T>
 class Proxy {
 public:
 	//! Set operator
+	Proxy & operator=(Proxy &);
+	//! Set operator
 	Proxy & operator=(const T &);
 	//! Get operator
 	operator const T &();
diff --git a/src/crepe/util/Proxy.hpp b/src/crepe/util/Proxy.hpp
index b9923db..ef2b69f 100644
--- a/src/crepe/util/Proxy.hpp
+++ b/src/crepe/util/Proxy.hpp
@@ -14,6 +14,12 @@ Proxy<T> & Proxy<T>::operator=(const T & val) {
 }
 
 template <typename T>
+Proxy<T> & Proxy<T>::operator=(Proxy & proxy) {
+	this->broker.set(T(proxy));
+	return *this;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
 Proxy<T>::operator const T &() {
 	return this->broker.get();
 }