merge `loek/scripts` into `master`

46 files changed, 1075 insertions, 57 deletions

diff --git a/.clang-format b/.clang-format
index 5d233eb..3ae6c28 100644
--- a/.clang-format
+++ b/.clang-format
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ AlignTrailingComments:
 ReflowComments: false
 AlignEscapedNewlines: DontAlign
 BreakBeforeBinaryOperators: All
+AlwaysBreakTemplateDeclarations: Yes
 ...
 
 # vim: ft=yaml
diff --git a/.clang-tidy b/.clang-tidy
index b242e3f..214a5ab 100644
--- a/.clang-tidy
+++ b/.clang-tidy
@@ -1,18 +1,35 @@
 Checks: '-*,readability-identifier-naming'
 CheckOptions:
-	- { key: readability-identifier-naming.EnumCase, value: lower_case }
-	- { key: readability-identifier-naming.GlobalFunctionCase, value: lower_case }
-	- { key: readability-identifier-naming.ClassCase, value: CamelCase }
-	- { key: readability-identifier-naming.ClassMethodCase, value: lower_case }
-	- { key: readability-identifier-naming.ClassMethodPrefix, value: '' }
-	- { key: readability-identifier-naming.ClassMemberCase, value: lower_case }
-	- { key: readability-identifier-naming.ClassMemberPrefix, value: '' }
-	- { key: readability-identifier-naming.GlobalConstantCase, value: UPPER_CASE }
-	- { key: readability-identifier-naming.GlobalConstantIgnoredRegexp, value: _.* }
-	- { key: readability-identifier-naming.GlobalVariableCase, value: lower_case }
-	- { key: readability-identifier-naming.GlobalVariableIgnoredRegexp, value: _.* }
-	- { key: readability-identifier-naming.MacroDefinitionCase, value: UPPER_CASE }
-	- { key: readability-identifier-naming.MacroDefinitionIgnoredRegexp, value: _.* }
-	- { key: readability-identifier-naming.StructCase, value: lower_case }
+  - key: 'readability-identifier-naming.EnumCase'
+    value: 'lower_case'
+  - key: 'readability-identifier-naming.GlobalFunctionCase'
+    value: 'lower_case'
+  - key: 'readability-identifier-naming.ClassCase'
+    value: 'CamelCase'
+  - key: 'readability-identifier-naming.MethodCase'
+    value: 'lower_case'
+  - key: 'readability-identifier-naming.MethodPrefix'
+    value: ''
+  - key: 'readability-identifier-naming.MemberCase'
+    value: 'lower_case'
+  - key: 'readability-identifier-naming.MemberPrefix'
+    value: ''
+  - key: 'readability-identifier-naming.ConstantCase'
+    value: 'UPPER_CASE'
+  - key: 'readability-identifier-naming.ConstantIgnoredRegexp'
+    value: '_.*'
+  - key: 'readability-identifier-naming.ConstantParameterCase'
+    value: 'lower_case'
+  - key: 'readability-identifier-naming.VariableCase'
+    value: 'lower_case'
+  - key: 'readability-identifier-naming.VariableIgnoredRegexp'
+    value: '_.*'
+  - key: 'readability-identifier-naming.MacroDefinitionCase'
+    value: 'UPPER_CASE'
+  - key: 'readability-identifier-naming.MacroDefinitionIgnoredRegexp'
+    value: '_.*'
+  - key: 'readability-identifier-naming.StructCase'
+    value: 'lower_case'
 
 # vim: ft=yaml
+
diff --git a/.editorconfig b/.editorconfig
index 1bd7da9..df2cf5e 100644
--- a/.editorconfig
+++ b/.editorconfig
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ indent_style = tab
 end_of_line = lf
 insert_final_newline = true
 
-[*.{md,yml}]
+[{*.{md,yml},.clang-*}]
 indent_style = space
 indent_size = 2
 
diff --git a/.vscode/launch.json b/.vscode/launch.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..160d242
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.vscode/launch.json
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+{
+    "version": "0.2.0",
+    "configurations": [
+        {
+            "name": "Debug with Ninja",
+            "type": "cppdbg",
+            "request": "launch",
+            "program": "${workspaceFolder}/mwe/ecs-homemade/build/ecs-homemade.exe",
+            "args": [],
+            "stopAtEntry": true,
+            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
+            "environment": [],
+            "externalConsole": false,
+            "MIMode": "gdb",
+            "preLaunchTask": "build",
+            "setupCommands": [
+                {
+                    "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
+                    "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
+                    "ignoreFailures": true
+                }
+            ],
+            "logging": {
+                "engineLogging": true
+            }
+        }
+    ]
+}
diff --git a/.vscode/tasks.json b/.vscode/tasks.json
index 0fd5d23..19afa6f 100644
--- a/.vscode/tasks.json
+++ b/.vscode/tasks.json
@@ -1,28 +1,38 @@
 {
+    "version": "2.0.0",
     "tasks": [
         {
-            "type": "cppbuild",
-            "label": "C/C++: g++ build active file",
-            "command": "/usr/bin/g++",
+            "label": "configure",
+            "type": "shell",
+            "command": "cmake",
             "args": [
-                "-fdiagnostics-color=always",
-                "-g",
-                "${file}",
-                "-o",
-                "${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}"
+                "-G",
+                "Ninja",
+                "-B",
+                "${workspaceFolder}/mwe/ecs-homemade/build",  // Create build folder here
+                "${workspaceFolder}/mwe/ecs-homemade"  // Path to your source directory
             ],
-            "options": {
-                "cwd": "${fileDirname}"
+            "group": {
+                "kind": "build",
+                "isDefault": false
             },
-            "problemMatcher": [
-                "$gcc"
+            "problemMatcher": []
+        },
+        {
+            "label": "build",
+            "type": "shell",
+            "command": "cmake",
+            "args": [
+                "--build",
+                "${workspaceFolder}/mwe/ecs-homemade/build"  // Build directory
             ],
+            "dependsOn": "configure",  // Ensure the configure task runs first
             "group": {
                 "kind": "build",
                 "isDefault": true
             },
-            "detail": "Task generated by Debugger."
+            "problemMatcher": ["$gcc"],
+            "detail": "Generated task for building the project."
         }
-    ],
-    "version": "2.0.0"
+    ]
 }
diff --git a/contributing.md b/contributing.md
index 9f87ec5..364e835 100644
--- a/contributing.md
+++ b/contributing.md
@@ -17,6 +17,12 @@
 # Code style
 
 - ASCII only
+- Class names are always singular
+- Explanatory comments are placed above the line(s) they are explaining
+- Source files should only contain comments that plainly state what the code is
+  supposed to do
+- Explanatory comments in headers may be used to clarify implementation design
+  decisions
 - Formatting nitty-gritty is handled by clang-format/clang-tidy (run `make
   format` in the root folder of this repository to format all sources files)
 - When using libraries of which the header include order is important, make
@@ -51,6 +57,8 @@
   ```
 - Member variable default values should be directly defined in the class
   declaration instead of using the constructor.
+- Header files declare either a single class or symbols within a single
+  namespace.
 
 ## CMakeLists specific
 
diff --git a/mwe/ecs-homemade/CMakeLists.txt b/mwe/ecs-homemade/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6267c1a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mwe/ecs-homemade/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.5)
+project(ecs-homemade)
+
+# Set the C++ standard (optional, but good practice)
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED True)
+
+# Use the debug mode (otherwise breakpoints are not compiled)
+set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE Debug)
+
+add_executable(ecs-homemade
+	src/main.cpp
+	src/ComponentManager.cpp
+	src/Components.cpp
+	src/GameObjectMax.cpp
+)
+target_include_directories(ecs-homemade PRIVATE "${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/inc")
diff --git a/mwe/ecs-homemade/inc/ComponentManager.h b/mwe/ecs-homemade/inc/ComponentManager.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d368516
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mwe/ecs-homemade/inc/ComponentManager.h
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "Components.h"
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <memory>
+#include <typeindex>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+class ComponentManager {
+public:
+	static ComponentManager & GetInstance(); //Singleton
+
+	ComponentManager(const ComponentManager &) = delete; //Singleton
+	ComponentManager(ComponentManager &&) = delete; //Singleton
+	ComponentManager & operator=(const ComponentManager &) = delete; //Singleton
+	ComponentManager & operator=(ComponentManager &&) = delete; //Singleton
+
+	template <typename T, typename... Args>
+	void AddComponent(std::uint32_t id,
+					  Args &&... args); //Add a component of a specific type
+	template <typename T>
+	void DeleteComponentsById(
+		std::uint32_t id); //Deletes all components of a specific type and id
+	template <typename T>
+	void DeleteComponents(); //Deletes all components of a specific type
+	void DeleteAllComponentsOfId(
+		std::uint32_t id); //Deletes all components of a specific id
+	void DeleteAllComponents(); //Deletes all components
+
+	template <typename T>
+	std::vector<std::reference_wrapper<T>> GetComponentsByID(std::uint32_t id)
+		const; //Get a vector<> of all components at specific type and id
+	template <typename T>
+	std::vector<std::reference_wrapper<T>> GetComponentsByType()
+		const; //Get a vector<> of all components of a specific type
+
+private:
+	static ComponentManager mInstance; //Singleton
+
+	ComponentManager(); //Singleton
+
+	/*
+	 * The std::unordered_map<std::type_index, std::vector<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Component>>>> below might seem a bit strange, let me explain this structure:
+	 * The std::unordered_map<> has a key and value. The key is a std::type_index and the value is a std::vector. So, a new std::vector will be created for each new std::type_index.
+	 * The first std::vector<> stores another vector<>. This first vector<> is to bind the entity's id to a component.
+	 * The second std::vector<> stores unique_ptrs. Each component can be gathered via an unique_ptr. This second vector<> allows multiple components of the same std::type_index for one entity (id).
+	 */
+	std::unordered_map<std::type_index,
+					   std::vector<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Component>>>>
+		mComponents;
+};
+
+#include "ComponentManager.hpp"
diff --git a/mwe/ecs-homemade/inc/ComponentManager.hpp b/mwe/ecs-homemade/inc/ComponentManager.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d6da8e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mwe/ecs-homemade/inc/ComponentManager.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+
+template <typename T, typename... Args>
+void ComponentManager::AddComponent(std::uint32_t id, Args &&... args) {
+	std::type_index type = typeid(
+		T); //Determine the type of T (this is used as the key of the unordered_map<>)
+
+	if (mComponents.find(type)
+		== mComponents
+			   .end()) { //Check if this component type is already in the unordered_map<>
+		mComponents[type] = std::vector<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<
+			Component>>>(); //If not, create a new (empty) vector<> of vector<unique_ptr<Component>>
+	}
+
+	if (id
+		>= mComponents[type]
+			   .size()) { //Resize the vector<> if the id is greater than the current size
+		mComponents[type].resize(
+			id
+			+ 1); //Initialize new slots to nullptr (resize does automatically init to nullptr)
+	}
+
+	mComponents[type][id].push_back(std::make_unique<T>(std::forward<Args>(
+		args)...)); //Create a new component of type T using perfect forwarding and store its unique_ptr in the vector<>
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+void ComponentManager::DeleteComponentsById(std::uint32_t id) {
+	std::type_index type = typeid(
+		T); //Determine the type of T (this is used as the key of the unordered_map<>)
+
+	if (mComponents.find(type)
+		!= mComponents.end()) { //Find the type (in the unordered_map<>)
+		std::vector<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Component>>> & componentArray
+			= mComponents[type]; //Get the correct vector<>
+
+		if (id
+			< componentArray
+				  .size()) { //Make sure that the id (that we are looking for) is within the boundaries of the vector<>
+			componentArray[id]
+				.clear(); //Clear the whole vector<> of this specific type and id
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+void ComponentManager::DeleteComponents() {
+	std::type_index type = typeid(
+		T); //Determine the type of T (this is used as the key of the unordered_map<>)
+
+	if (mComponents.find(type)
+		!= mComponents.end()) { //Find the type (in the unordered_map<>)
+		mComponents[type]
+			.clear(); //Clear the whole vector<> of this specific type
+	}
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+std::vector<std::reference_wrapper<T>>
+ComponentManager::GetComponentsByID(std::uint32_t id) const {
+	std::type_index type = typeid(
+		T); //Determine the type of T (this is used as the key of the unordered_map<>)
+
+	std::vector<std::reference_wrapper<T>>
+		componentVector; //Create an empty vector<>
+
+	if (mComponents.find(type)
+		!= mComponents.end()) { //Find the type (in the unordered_map<>)
+
+		const std::vector<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Component>>> &
+			componentArray
+			= mComponents.at(type); //Get the correct vector<>
+
+		if (id
+			< componentArray
+				  .size()) { //Make sure that the id (that we are looking for) is within the boundaries of the vector<>
+			for (const std::unique_ptr<Component> & componentPtr :
+				 componentArray[id]) { //Loop trough the whole vector<>
+				T * castedComponent = static_cast<T *>(
+					componentPtr.get()); //Cast the unique_ptr to a raw pointer
+
+				if (castedComponent) { //Ensure that the cast was successful
+					componentVector.push_back(
+						*castedComponent); //Add the dereferenced raw pointer to the vector<>
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return componentVector; //Return the vector<>
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+std::vector<std::reference_wrapper<T>>
+ComponentManager::GetComponentsByType() const {
+	std::type_index type = typeid(
+		T); //Determine the type of T (this is used as the key of the unordered_map<>)
+
+	std::vector<std::reference_wrapper<T>>
+		componentVector; //Create an empty vector<>
+	//std::uint32_t id = 0;	//Set the id to 0 (the id will also be stored in the returned vector<>)
+
+	if (mComponents.find(type)
+		!= mComponents.end()) { //Find the type (in the unordered_map<>)
+
+		const std::vector<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Component>>> &
+			componentArray
+			= mComponents.at(type); //Get the correct vector<>
+
+		for (const std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Component>> & component :
+			 componentArray) { //Loop through the whole vector<>
+			for (const std::unique_ptr<Component> & componentPtr :
+				 component) { //Loop trough the whole vector<>
+				T * castedComponent = static_cast<T *>(
+					componentPtr.get()); //Cast the unique_ptr to a raw pointer
+
+				if (castedComponent) { //Ensure that the cast was successful
+					componentVector.emplace_back(std::ref(
+						*castedComponent)); //Pair the dereferenced raw pointer and the id and add it to the vector<>
+				}
+			}
+
+			//++id;	//Increase the id (the id will also be stored in the returned vector<>)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return componentVector; //Return the vector<>
+}
diff --git a/mwe/ecs-homemade/inc/Components.h b/mwe/ecs-homemade/inc/Components.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..98c5fe7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mwe/ecs-homemade/inc/Components.h
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <string>
+
+class Component {
+public:
+	Component();
+
+	bool mActive;
+};
+
+class Sprite : public Component {
+public:
+	Sprite(std::string path);
+
+	std::string mPath;
+};
+
+class Rigidbody : public Component {
+public:
+	Rigidbody(int mass, int gravityScale, int bodyType);
+
+	int mMass;
+	int mGravityScale;
+	int mBodyType;
+};
+
+class Colider : public Component {
+public:
+	Colider(int size);
+
+	int mSize;
+};
diff --git a/mwe/ecs-homemade/inc/GameObjectMax.h b/mwe/ecs-homemade/inc/GameObjectMax.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3029053
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mwe/ecs-homemade/inc/GameObjectMax.h
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <string>
+
+class GameObject {
+public:
+	GameObject(std::uint32_t id, std::string name, std::string tag, int layer);
+
+	template <typename T, typename... Args>
+	void AddComponent(Args &&... args);
+
+	std::uint32_t mId;
+	std::string mName;
+	std::string mTag;
+	bool mActive;
+	int mLayer;
+};
+
+#include "GameObjectMax.hpp"
diff --git a/mwe/ecs-homemade/inc/GameObjectMax.hpp b/mwe/ecs-homemade/inc/GameObjectMax.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..91d51ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mwe/ecs-homemade/inc/GameObjectMax.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#include "ComponentManager.h"
+
+template <typename T, typename... Args>
+void GameObject::AddComponent(Args &&... args) {
+	ComponentManager::GetInstance().AddComponent<T>(
+		mId, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+}
diff --git a/mwe/ecs-homemade/src/ComponentManager.cpp b/mwe/ecs-homemade/src/ComponentManager.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..536c152
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mwe/ecs-homemade/src/ComponentManager.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#include "ComponentManager.h"
+
+ComponentManager ComponentManager::mInstance;
+
+ComponentManager & ComponentManager::GetInstance() { return mInstance; }
+
+ComponentManager::ComponentManager() {}
+
+void ComponentManager::DeleteAllComponentsOfId(std::uint32_t id) {
+	for (auto & [type, componentArray] :
+		 mComponents) { //Loop through all the types (in the unordered_map<>)
+		if (id
+			< componentArray
+				  .size()) { //Make sure that the id (that we are looking for) is within the boundaries of the vector<>
+			componentArray[id]
+				.clear(); //Clear the components at this specific id
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+void ComponentManager::DeleteAllComponents() {
+	mComponents.clear(); //Clear the whole unordered_map<>
+}
diff --git a/mwe/ecs-homemade/src/Components.cpp b/mwe/ecs-homemade/src/Components.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c8347b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mwe/ecs-homemade/src/Components.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#include "Components.h"
+#include <iostream>
+
+Component::Component() : mActive(true) {}
+
+Sprite::Sprite(std::string path) : mPath(path) {}
+
+Rigidbody::Rigidbody(int mass, int gravityScale, int bodyType)
+	: mMass(mass), mGravityScale(gravityScale), mBodyType(bodyType) {}
+
+Colider::Colider(int size) : mSize(size) {}
diff --git a/mwe/ecs-homemade/src/GameObjectMax.cpp b/mwe/ecs-homemade/src/GameObjectMax.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b0c5af7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mwe/ecs-homemade/src/GameObjectMax.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#include "GameObjectMax.h"
+
+#include "ComponentManager.h"
+
+GameObject::GameObject(std::uint32_t id, std::string name, std::string tag,
+					   int layer)
+	: mId(id), mName(name), mTag(tag), mActive(true), mLayer(layer) {}
diff --git a/mwe/ecs-homemade/src/main.cpp b/mwe/ecs-homemade/src/main.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..330e154
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mwe/ecs-homemade/src/main.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+#include <chrono>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "ComponentManager.h"
+#include "Components.h"
+#include "GameObjectMax.h"
+
+int main() {
+	auto startAdding = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
+
+	GameObject * gameObject[100000];
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < 100000; ++i) {
+		gameObject[i] = new GameObject(i, "Name", "Tag", 0);
+
+		gameObject[i]->AddComponent<Sprite>("C:/Test");
+		gameObject[i]->AddComponent<Rigidbody>(0, 0, i);
+		gameObject[i]->AddComponent<Colider>(i);
+	}
+
+	auto stopAdding = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
+
+	//This is what systems would do:
+
+	std::vector<std::reference_wrapper<Sprite>> sprites
+		= ComponentManager::GetInstance().GetComponentsByType<Sprite>();
+	for (Sprite & sprite : sprites) {
+		//std::cout << sprite.get().mPath << std::endl;
+	}
+	//std::cout << std::endl;
+
+	std::vector<std::reference_wrapper<Rigidbody>> rigidBodies
+		= ComponentManager::GetInstance().GetComponentsByType<Rigidbody>();
+	for (Rigidbody & rigidbody : rigidBodies) {
+		//std::cout << rigidbody.get().mMass << " " << rigidbody.get().mGravityScale << " " << rigidbody.get().mBodyType << std::endl;
+	}
+	//std::cout << std::endl;
+
+	std::vector<std::reference_wrapper<Colider>> coliders
+		= ComponentManager::GetInstance().GetComponentsByType<Colider>();
+	for (Colider & colider : coliders) {
+		//std::cout << colider.get().mSize << std::endl;
+	}
+
+	auto stopLooping = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < 100000; ++i) {
+		delete gameObject[i];
+	}
+
+	auto Addtime = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::microseconds>(
+		stopAdding - startAdding);
+	auto LoopTime = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::microseconds>(
+		stopLooping - stopAdding);
+	std::cout << "AddTime: " << Addtime.count() << " us" << std::endl;
+	std::cout << "LoopTime: " << LoopTime.count() << " us" << std::endl;
+}
diff --git a/src/CMakeLists.txt b/src/CMakeLists.txt
index 62ca9a0..49d65a6 100644
--- a/src/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/src/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -3,10 +3,7 @@ cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.28)
 set(CMAKE_C_STANDARD 11)
 set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 20)
 set(CMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS 1)
-
-# enable debug features
 set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE Debug)
-add_compile_definitions(DEBUG)
 
 add_subdirectory(../lib/soloud soloud)
 add_subdirectory(../lib/googletest googletest)
diff --git a/src/crepe/CMakeLists.txt b/src/crepe/CMakeLists.txt
index 208ba1f..d85aef0 100644
--- a/src/crepe/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/src/crepe/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -2,12 +2,30 @@ target_sources(crepe PUBLIC
 	Asset.cpp
 	Sound.cpp
 	SoundContext.cpp
+	ComponentManager.cpp
+	Component.cpp
+	GameObject.cpp
+	Collider.cpp
+	Rigidbody.cpp
+	Sprite.cpp
+	ScriptSystem.cpp
+	Script.cpp
 )
 
 target_sources(crepe PUBLIC FILE_SET HEADERS FILES
 	Asset.h
 	Sound.h
 	SoundContext.h
+	ComponentManager.h
+	ComponentManager.hpp
+	Component.h
+	GameObject.h
+	GameObject.hpp
+	Collider.h
+	Rigidbody.h
+	Sprite.h
+	System.h
+	ScriptSystem.h
 )
 
 add_subdirectory(api)
diff --git a/src/crepe/Collider.cpp b/src/crepe/Collider.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3f12afd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/crepe/Collider.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#include "Collider.h"
+
+using namespace crepe;
+
+Collider::Collider(int size) : size(size) {}
diff --git a/src/crepe/Collider.h b/src/crepe/Collider.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..120da05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/crepe/Collider.h
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "Component.h"
+
+namespace crepe {
+
+class Collider : public Component {
+public:
+	Collider(int size);
+
+	int size;
+};
+
+} // namespace crepe
diff --git a/src/crepe/Component.cpp b/src/crepe/Component.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d14159c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/crepe/Component.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#include "Component.h"
+
+using namespace crepe;
+
+Component::Component() : active(true) {}
diff --git a/src/crepe/Component.h b/src/crepe/Component.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..16a4ce5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/crepe/Component.h
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#pragma once
+
+namespace crepe {
+
+class Component {
+public:
+	Component();
+	// TODO: shouldn't this constructor be deleted because this class will never
+	// directly be instantiated?
+
+	bool active;
+};
+
+} // namespace crepe
diff --git a/src/crepe/ComponentManager.cpp b/src/crepe/ComponentManager.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9a3fec7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/crepe/ComponentManager.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+#include "ComponentManager.h"
+
+using namespace crepe;
+
+ComponentManager & ComponentManager::get_instance() {
+	static ComponentManager instance;
+	return instance;
+}
+
+void ComponentManager::delete_all_components_of_id(uint32_t id) {
+	// Loop through all the types (in the unordered_map<>)
+	for (auto & [type, componentArray] : components) {
+		// Make sure that the id (that we are looking for) is within the boundaries of the vector<>
+		if (id < componentArray.size()) {
+			// Clear the components at this specific id
+			componentArray[id].clear();
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+void ComponentManager::delete_all_components() {
+	// Clear the whole unordered_map<>
+	components.clear();
+}
diff --git a/src/crepe/ComponentManager.h b/src/crepe/ComponentManager.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2ab9dc8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/crepe/ComponentManager.h
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <memory>
+#include <typeindex>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "Component.h"
+
+namespace crepe {
+
+class ComponentManager {
+public:
+	// Singleton
+	static ComponentManager & get_instance();
+	ComponentManager(const ComponentManager &) = delete;
+	ComponentManager(ComponentManager &&) = delete;
+	ComponentManager & operator=(const ComponentManager &) = delete;
+	ComponentManager & operator=(ComponentManager &&) = delete;
+
+public:
+	//! Add a component of a specific type
+	template <typename T, typename... Args>
+	void add_component(uint32_t id, Args &&... args);
+	//! Deletes all components of a specific type and id
+	template <typename T>
+	void delete_components_by_id(uint32_t id);
+	//! Deletes all components of a specific type
+	template <typename T>
+	void delete_components();
+	//! Deletes all components of a specific id
+	void delete_all_components_of_id(uint32_t id);
+	//! Deletes all components
+	void delete_all_components();
+
+	//! Get a vector<> of all components at specific type and id
+	template <typename T>
+	std::vector<std::reference_wrapper<T>>
+	get_components_by_id(uint32_t id) const;
+	//! Get a vector<> of all components of a specific type
+	template <typename T>
+	std::vector<std::reference_wrapper<T>> get_components_by_type() const;
+
+private:
+	ComponentManager() = default;
+
+	/*
+	 * The std::unordered_map<std::type_index, std::vector<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Component>>>> below might seem a bit strange, let me explain this structure:
+	 * The std::unordered_map<> has a key and value. The key is a std::type_index and the value is a std::vector. So, a new std::vector will be created for each new std::type_index.
+	 * The first std::vector<> stores another vector<>. This first vector<> is to bind the entity's id to a component.
+	 * The second std::vector<> stores unique_ptrs. Each component can be gathered via an unique_ptr. This second vector<> allows multiple components of the same std::type_index for one entity (id).
+	 */
+	std::unordered_map<std::type_index,
+					   std::vector<std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Component>>>>
+		components;
+};
+
+} // namespace crepe
+
+#include "ComponentManager.hpp"
diff --git a/src/crepe/ComponentManager.hpp b/src/crepe/ComponentManager.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..084cd33
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/crepe/ComponentManager.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <type_traits>
+
+#include "ComponentManager.h"
+
+namespace crepe {
+
+template <class T, typename... Args>
+void ComponentManager::add_component(uint32_t id, Args &&... args) {
+	using namespace std;
+
+	static_assert(is_base_of<Component, T>::value, "add_component must recieve a derivative class of Component");
+
+	// Determine the type of T (this is used as the key of the unordered_map<>)
+	type_index type = typeid(T);
+
+	// Check if this component type is already in the unordered_map<>
+	if (components.find(type) == components.end()) {
+		//If not, create a new (empty) vector<> of vector<unique_ptr<Component>>
+		components[type] = vector<vector<unique_ptr<Component>>>();
+	}
+
+	// Resize the vector<> if the id is greater than the current size
+	if (id >= components[type].size()) {
+		// Initialize new slots to nullptr (resize does automatically init to nullptr)
+		components[type].resize(id + 1);
+	}
+
+	// Create a new component of type T (arguments directly forwarded). The
+	// constructor must be called by ComponentManager.
+	T * instance = new T(forward<Args>(args)...);
+	// store its unique_ptr in the vector<>
+	components[type][id].push_back(unique_ptr<T>(instance));
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+void ComponentManager::delete_components_by_id(uint32_t id) {
+	using namespace std;
+
+	// Determine the type of T (this is used as the key of the unordered_map<>)
+	type_index type = typeid(T);
+
+	// Find the type (in the unordered_map<>)
+	if (components.find(type) != components.end()) {
+		// Get the correct vector<>
+		vector<vector<unique_ptr<Component>>> & component_array
+			= components[type];
+
+		// Make sure that the id (that we are looking for) is within the boundaries of the vector<>
+		if (id < component_array.size()) {
+			// Clear the whole vector<> of this specific type and id
+			component_array[id].clear();
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+void ComponentManager::delete_components() {
+	// Determine the type of T (this is used as the key of the unordered_map<>)
+	std::type_index type = typeid(T);
+
+	// Find the type (in the unordered_map<>)
+	if (components.find(type) != components.end()) {
+		// Clear the whole vector<> of this specific type
+		components[type].clear();
+	}
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+std::vector<std::reference_wrapper<T>>
+ComponentManager::get_components_by_id(uint32_t id) const {
+	using namespace std;
+
+	// Determine the type of T (this is used as the key of the unordered_map<>)
+	type_index type = typeid(T);
+
+	// Create an empty vector<>
+	vector<reference_wrapper<T>> component_vector;
+
+	// Find the type (in the unordered_map<>)
+	if (components.find(type) != components.end()) {
+		// Get the correct vector<>
+		const vector<vector<unique_ptr<Component>>> & component_array
+			= components.at(type);
+
+		// Make sure that the id (that we are looking for) is within the boundaries of the vector<>
+		if (id < component_array.size()) {
+			// Loop trough the whole vector<>
+			for (const unique_ptr<Component> & component_ptr :
+				 component_array[id]) {
+				// Cast the unique_ptr to a raw pointer
+				T * casted_component = static_cast<T *>(component_ptr.get());
+
+				// Ensure that the cast was successful
+				if (casted_component) {
+					// Add the dereferenced raw pointer to the vector<>
+					component_vector.push_back(*casted_component);
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Return the vector<>
+	return component_vector;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+std::vector<std::reference_wrapper<T>>
+ComponentManager::get_components_by_type() const {
+	using namespace std;
+
+	// Determine the type of T (this is used as the key of the unordered_map<>)
+	type_index type = typeid(T);
+
+	// Create an empty vector<>
+	vector<reference_wrapper<T>> component_vector;
+	// Set the id to 0 (the id will also be stored in the returned vector<>)
+	// uint32_t id = 0;
+
+	// Find the type (in the unordered_map<>)
+	if (components.find(type) != components.end()) {
+
+		// Get the correct vector<>
+		const vector<vector<unique_ptr<Component>>> & component_array
+			= components.at(type);
+
+		// Loop through the whole vector<>
+		for (const vector<unique_ptr<Component>> & component :
+			 component_array) {
+			// Loop trough the whole vector<>
+			for (const unique_ptr<Component> & component_ptr : component) {
+				// Cast the unique_ptr to a raw pointer
+				T * casted_component = static_cast<T *>(component_ptr.get());
+
+				// Ensure that the cast was successful
+				if (casted_component) {
+					// Pair the dereferenced raw pointer and the id and add it to the vector<>
+					component_vector.emplace_back(ref(*casted_component));
+				}
+			}
+
+			// Increase the id (the id will also be stored in the returned vector<>)
+			//++id;
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Return the vector<>
+	return component_vector;
+}
+
+} // namespace crepe
diff --git a/src/crepe/GameObject.cpp b/src/crepe/GameObject.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..de3beb6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/crepe/GameObject.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#include "GameObject.h"
+
+using namespace crepe;
+
+GameObject::GameObject(uint32_t id, std::string name, std::string tag,
+					   int layer)
+	: id(id), name(name), tag(tag), active(true), layer(layer) {}
diff --git a/src/crepe/GameObject.h b/src/crepe/GameObject.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3588d9a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/crepe/GameObject.h
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <string>
+
+namespace crepe {
+
+class GameObject {
+public:
+	GameObject(uint32_t id, std::string name, std::string tag, int layer);
+
+	template <typename T, typename... Args>
+	void add_component(Args &&... args);
+
+	uint32_t id;
+	std::string name;
+	std::string tag;
+	bool active;
+	int layer;
+};
+
+} // namespace crepe
+
+#include "GameObject.hpp"
diff --git a/src/crepe/GameObject.hpp b/src/crepe/GameObject.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5966fbf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/crepe/GameObject.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "GameObject.h"
+
+#include "ComponentManager.h"
+
+namespace crepe {
+
+template <typename T, typename... Args>
+void GameObject::add_component(Args &&... args) {
+	auto & mgr = ComponentManager::get_instance();
+	mgr.add_component<T>(id, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+}
+
+} // namespace crepe
diff --git a/src/crepe/Rigidbody.cpp b/src/crepe/Rigidbody.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..495d908
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/crepe/Rigidbody.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#include "Rigidbody.h"
+
+using namespace crepe;
+
+Rigidbody::Rigidbody(int mass, int gravityScale, int bodyType)
+	: mass(mass), gravity_scale(gravityScale), body_type(bodyType) {}
diff --git a/src/crepe/Rigidbody.h b/src/crepe/Rigidbody.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..63a8877
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/crepe/Rigidbody.h
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "Component.h"
+
+namespace crepe {
+
+class Rigidbody : public Component {
+public:
+	Rigidbody(int mass, int gravityScale, int bodyType);
+
+	int mass;
+	int gravity_scale;
+	int body_type;
+};
+
+} // namespace crepe
diff --git a/src/crepe/Script.cpp b/src/crepe/Script.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..42e3666
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/crepe/Script.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#include "Script.h"
+
+using namespace crepe;
+
+void Script::init() { }
+void Script::update() { }
+
diff --git a/src/crepe/Script.h b/src/crepe/Script.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ba4073a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/crepe/Script.h
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#pragma once
+
+namespace crepe {
+
+class Script {
+protected:
+	virtual void init();
+	virtual void update();
+	// NOTE: additional *events* (like unity's OnDisable and OnEnable) should be
+	// implemented as member methods in derivative user script classes and
+	// registered in init(), otherwise this class will balloon in size with each
+	// added event.
+};
+
+}
+
diff --git a/src/crepe/ScriptSystem.cpp b/src/crepe/ScriptSystem.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e301c71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/crepe/ScriptSystem.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#include "util/log.h"
+
+#include "ScriptSystem.h"
+
+using namespace crepe;
+
+ScriptSystem::ScriptSystem() {
+	dbg_trace();
+}
+ScriptSystem::~ScriptSystem() {
+	dbg_trace();
+}
+
+ScriptSystem & ScriptSystem::get_instance() {
+	static ScriptSystem instance;
+	return instance;
+}
+
+void ScriptSystem::update() {
+	dbg_trace();
+}
+
diff --git a/src/crepe/ScriptSystem.h b/src/crepe/ScriptSystem.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e1ed290
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/crepe/ScriptSystem.h
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "System.h"
+
+namespace crepe {
+
+class ScriptSystem : public System {
+public:
+	static ScriptSystem & get_instance();
+	virtual void update();
+
+private:
+	ScriptSystem();
+	~ScriptSystem();
+};
+
+}
+
diff --git a/src/crepe/Sprite.cpp b/src/crepe/Sprite.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a5a5e68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/crepe/Sprite.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#include <string>
+
+#include "Sprite.h"
+
+using namespace crepe;
+using namespace std;
+
+Sprite::Sprite(string path) : path(path) {}
diff --git a/src/crepe/Sprite.h b/src/crepe/Sprite.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..143e702
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/crepe/Sprite.h
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <string>
+
+#include "Component.h"
+
+namespace crepe {
+
+class Sprite : public Component {
+public:
+	Sprite(std::string path);
+
+	std::string path;
+};
+
+} // namespace crepe
diff --git a/src/crepe/System.h b/src/crepe/System.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3fe3d66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/crepe/System.h
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#pragma once
+
+namespace crepe {
+
+class System {
+public:
+	static System & get_instance();
+	virtual void update() = 0;
+
+protected:
+	System() { };
+	virtual ~System() { };
+
+private:
+	// singleton
+	System(const System &) = delete;
+	System(System &&) = delete;
+	System & operator=(const System &) = delete;
+	System & operator=(System &&) = delete;
+};
+
+}
+
diff --git a/src/crepe/api/BehaviorScript.cpp b/src/crepe/api/BehaviorScript.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2dd933e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/crepe/api/BehaviorScript.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#include "../util/log.h"
+
+#include "BehaviorScript.h"
+
+using namespace crepe::api;
+
+BehaviorScript::BehaviorScript() {
+	dbg_trace();
+}
+
diff --git a/src/crepe/api/BehaviorScript.h b/src/crepe/api/BehaviorScript.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e9542c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/crepe/api/BehaviorScript.h
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "../Script.h"
+#include "../Component.h"
+
+namespace crepe::api {
+
+class BehaviorScript : public Script, public Component {
+	// only allow ComponentManager to instantiate scripts
+	friend class ComponentManager;
+
+protected:
+	BehaviorScript();
+};
+
+}
+
diff --git a/src/crepe/api/CMakeLists.txt b/src/crepe/api/CMakeLists.txt
index 9548594..86623de 100644
--- a/src/crepe/api/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/src/crepe/api/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 target_sources(crepe PUBLIC
 	# AudioSource.cpp
+	BehaviorScript.cpp
 )
 
 target_sources(crepe PUBLIC FILE_SET HEADERS FILES
-	AudioSource.h
-	Component.h
+	# AudioSource.h
+	BehaviorScript.h
 )
 
diff --git a/src/crepe/api/Component.h b/src/crepe/api/Component.h
deleted file mode 100644
index d5e0499..0000000
--- a/src/crepe/api/Component.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-namespace crepe::api {
-
-class Component {
-public:
-	bool active;
-};
-
-} // namespace crepe::api
diff --git a/src/crepe/util/log.cpp b/src/crepe/util/log.cpp
index 6829ec3..f91d52c 100644
--- a/src/crepe/util/log.cpp
+++ b/src/crepe/util/log.cpp
@@ -8,10 +8,10 @@
 using namespace crepe::util;
 
 static const char * const LOG_PREFIX[] = {
-	[log_level::debug] = "[DBG] ",
-	[log_level::info] = "[INFO] ",
-	[log_level::warning] = "[WARN] ",
-	[log_level::error] = "[ERR] ",
+	[log_level::DEBUG] = "[DBG] ",
+	[log_level::INFO] = "[INFO] ",
+	[log_level::WARNING] = "[WARN] ",
+	[log_level::ERROR] = "[ERR] ",
 };
 
 static void va_logf(enum log_level level, va_list args, const std::string fmt) {
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ static void va_logf(enum log_level level, va_list args, const std::string fmt) {
 void crepe::util::logf(const char * fmt, ...) {
 	va_list args;
 	va_start(args, fmt);
-	va_logf(crepe::util::log_level::debug, args, fmt);
+	va_logf(crepe::util::log_level::DEBUG, args, fmt);
 	va_end(args);
 }
 
diff --git a/src/crepe/util/log.h b/src/crepe/util/log.h
index bfe7291..2b0fbe1 100644
--- a/src/crepe/util/log.h
+++ b/src/crepe/util/log.h
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 
 // utility macros
 #define _crepe_logf_here(fmt, ...) \
-	crepe::util::logf(util::log_level::debug, "%s%s (%s:%d)" fmt "\n", \
+	crepe::util::logf(util::log_level::DEBUG, "%s%s (%s:%d)" fmt "\n", \
 					  crepe::util::color::FG_WHITE, __PRETTY_FUNCTION__, \
 					  __FILE_NAME__, __LINE__, crepe::util::color::RESET, \
 					  __VA_ARGS__)
@@ -24,10 +24,10 @@
 namespace crepe::util {
 
 enum log_level {
-	debug,
-	info,
-	warning,
-	error,
+	DEBUG,
+	INFO,
+	WARNING,
+	ERROR,
 };
 
 void logf(const char * fmt, ...);
diff --git a/src/example/CMakeLists.txt b/src/example/CMakeLists.txt
index bcc9271..6df4ce7 100644
--- a/src/example/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/src/example/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -1,3 +1,18 @@
-add_executable(audio_internal EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL audio_internal.cpp)
-target_link_libraries(audio_internal PUBLIC crepe)
+# add_example(target_name [SOURCES...])
+function(add_example target_name)
+	# if SOURCES is not specified
+	if(NOT ARGV1)
+		# A .cpp file with target_name exists, and should be used
+		set(sources ${target_name}.cpp)
+	else()
+		set(sources ${ARGV})
+	endif()
+
+	add_executable(${target_name} EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL ${sources})
+	target_link_libraries(${target_name} PUBLIC crepe)
+endfunction()
+
+add_example(audio_internal)
+add_example(components_internal)
+add_example(script)
 
diff --git a/src/example/components_internal.cpp b/src/example/components_internal.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..54ce295
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/example/components_internal.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+/** \file
+ * 
+ * Standalone example for usage of the internal ECS
+ */
+
+#include <cassert>
+#include <chrono>
+
+#include <crepe/Collider.h>
+#include <crepe/Component.h>
+#include <crepe/ComponentManager.h>
+#include <crepe/GameObject.h>
+#include <crepe/Rigidbody.h>
+#include <crepe/Sprite.h>
+#include <crepe/util/log.h>
+
+using namespace crepe;
+using namespace std;
+
+#define OBJ_COUNT 100000
+
+int main() {
+	dbg_trace();
+
+	auto & mgr = ComponentManager::get_instance();
+
+	auto start_adding = chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
+
+	GameObject * game_object[OBJ_COUNT];
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < OBJ_COUNT; ++i) {
+		game_object[i] = new GameObject(i, "Name", "Tag", 0);
+
+		game_object[i]->add_component<Sprite>("test");
+		game_object[i]->add_component<Rigidbody>(0, 0, i);
+		game_object[i]->add_component<Collider>(i);
+	}
+
+	auto stop_adding = chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
+
+	auto sprites = mgr.get_components_by_type<Sprite>();
+	for (auto sprite : sprites) {
+		assert(sprite.get().path == "test");
+	}
+
+	auto stop_looping = chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
+
+	for (int i = 0; i < OBJ_COUNT; ++i) {
+		delete game_object[i];
+	}
+
+	auto add_time = chrono::duration_cast<chrono::microseconds>(stop_adding
+																- start_adding);
+	auto loop_time = chrono::duration_cast<chrono::microseconds>(stop_looping
+																 - stop_adding);
+	printf("add time:  %ldus\n", add_time.count());
+	printf("loop time: %ldus\n", loop_time.count());
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/src/example/script.cpp b/src/example/script.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..28605c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/example/script.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/** \file
+ * 
+ * Standalone example for usage of the script component and system
+ */
+
+#include <crepe/util/log.h>
+#include <crepe/ScriptSystem.h>
+#include <crepe/ComponentManager.h>
+#include <crepe/GameObject.h>
+
+#include <crepe/api/BehaviorScript.h>
+
+using namespace crepe;
+using namespace std;
+
+class MyScript : public api::BehaviorScript {
+	void update() {
+		dbg_trace();
+	}
+};
+
+int main() {
+	dbg_trace();
+
+	auto obj = GameObject(0, "name", "tag", 0);
+	obj.add_component<MyScript>();
+
+	auto & sys = ScriptSystem::get_instance();
+	sys.update(); // -> MyScript::update
+
+	return 0;
+}
+