#!/bin/bash
#
# Re-encode a video to a target size in MB.
# Example:
#    ./this_script.sh video.mp4 15

T_SIZE="$2" # target size in MB
T_FILE="${1%.*}-$2MB.mp4" # filename out

# Original duration in seconds
O_DUR=$(\
    ffprobe \
    -v error \
    -show_entries format=duration \
    -of csv=p=0 "$1")

# Original audio rate
O_ARATE=$(\
    ffprobe \
    -v error \
    -select_streams a:0 \
    -show_entries stream=bit_rate \
    -of csv=p=0 "$1")

# Original audio rate in KiB/s
O_ARATE=$(\
    awk \
    -v arate="$O_ARATE" \
    'BEGIN { printf "%.0f", (arate / 1024) }')

# Target size is required to be less than the size of the original audio stream
T_MINSIZE=$(\
    awk \
    -v arate="$O_ARATE" \
    -v duration="$O_DUR" \
    'BEGIN { printf "%.2f", ( (arate * duration) / 8192 ) }')

# Equals 1 if target size is ok, 0 otherwise
IS_MINSIZE=$(\
    awk \
    -v size="$T_SIZE" \
    -v minsize="$T_MINSIZE" \
    'BEGIN { print (minsize < size) }')

# Give useful information if size is too small
if [[ $IS_MINSIZE -eq 0 ]]; then
    printf "%s\n" "Target size ${T_SIZE}MB is too small!" >&2
    printf "%s %s\n" "Try values larger than" "${T_MINSIZE}MB" >&2
    exit 1
fi

# Set target audio bitrate
T_ARATE=$O_ARATE


# Calculate target video rate - MB -> KiB/s
T_VRATE=$(\
    awk \
    -v size="$T_SIZE" \
    -v duration="$O_DUR" \
    -v audio_rate="$O_ARATE" \
    'BEGIN { print  ( ( size * 8192.0 ) / ( 1.048576 * duration ) - audio_rate) }')

# Perform the conversion
ffmpeg \
    -y \
    -i "$1" \
    -c:v libx264 \
    -b:v "$T_VRATE"k \
    -pass 1 \
    -an \
    -f mp4 \
    /dev/null \
&& \
ffmpeg \
    -i "$1" \
    -c:v libx264 \
    -b:v "$T_VRATE"k \
    -pass 2 \
    -c:a aac \
    -b:a "$T_ARATE"k \
    "$T_FILE"